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In 1632, the Thirty Years War took another turn. In the wake of his brilliant victory at Breitenfeld, Gustavus Adolphus’s triumphal campaign in the Holy Roman Empire was halted at Ingolstadt, Bavaria, where the Imperial-Leaguist Generalleutnant Tilly died of wounds received in the battle Rain am Lech. The former commander of the Imperial army, Generalleutnant Wallenstein, who had lost command in 1630 due to political intrigue at the court of Vienna, was re-instated as Generalissimus.

Wallenstein refused an initial battle on open ground against the Swedish King by entrenching his army at Nürnberg and then forced Gustavus Adolphus to retreat by cutting his supply lines. With winter near, Wallenstein deployed his regiments into garrisons throughout Saxony, like Nürnberg a Swedish ally. During this maneuvering, the Swedish King almost took Wallenstein’s rear guard by surprise at the town of Lützen.

During this battle, two of the most famous and brilliant commanders of the Thirty Years War tried to end the war with one fierce battle. At the end, one lost his life and the other lost his will to fight on.

📢 Narrated by David McCallion

🎼 Music:
EpidemicSound
Filmstro

📚 Sources
Lützen 1632 : climax of the Thirty Years war – Richard Brzezinski (2001)
The Battle of Lützen 1632: A Reassessment – Andre Schurger (2023)
Richard Brzezinski – The Army of Gustavus Adolphus Volume 1: Infantry
Richard Brzezinski – The Army of Gustavus Adolphus Volume 2: Cavalry
Henrik O. Lunde – The Rise and Fall of Sweden as a Military Superpower, 1611-1721
Lars Erikson Wolke – Gustavus Adolphus, Sweden, and the Thirty Years War, 1630-1632
Russell Frank Wreighley – The Age of Battles: The Quest for Decisive Warfare from Breitenfeld to Waterloo

#history #documentary #30yearswar

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46 Comments

  1. Apparently in the map at the beginning (0:03) they forgot that Franche-Comté had not yet been conquered by France (it would happen during the reign of Louis XIV), that Savoy was not part of the Spanish Habsburg territories and that Milan was not a separate state (it was part of the Spanish Habsburgs); aside from that, although I think the battle of Lutzen is too mythologized for my taste and that more than a victory it was a draw, it cannot be denied that it was a key moment for what would happen later, since the death of King Gustav Adolf II left the Swedish army adrift, although still a threat until it was annihilated by the Spanish in Nördlingen in 1634 (which caused the French entry into the war) and that Wallenstein's decision to retreat despite his advantage ended up costing him his life which deprived the imperial army of its best general (since the Spanish generals like the Cardinal Infante would be busy in the Netherlands without being able to help later).

    P.S.: This February 24th marks the 500th anniversary of the magnificent Battle of Pavia in 1525, the most decisive battle of the Italian Wars in the 16th century; I don't know if you already have a video of this event, but if not it would be perfect if you could upload something on that day about this Spanish-imperial victory of Charles V over the French of Francis I.

  2. Frederick the Great was in the same position near Roßbach on November 5, 1757.
    Only Frederick was in a better position and could retreat to a better position to the north at any time. Gustav Adolf had to attack to get back to the north.
    There were only a few crossings over the Saale and Elbe rivers in the 17th century. Control all the crossings and the associated towns and you control the battlefield.
    Gustav Adolf's campaign against Bavaria was a mistake. He should have attacked Wallenstein in Bohemia and Silesia. Just as Frederick the Great did in 1740 and in the Seven Years' War.

  3. excellent narration and script. your map work is in need of serious oversight though. the map position of Hildesheim located on the Elbe river north of Leipzig is grossly incorrect. the network of major roads in the Leipzig-Halle area is absurd and has little in common with the actual historical courses of regional roads, but rather seems to mimic today's autobahn courses. the display of recently filled artificial lakes south of Halle and Leipzig is an error that other major history content creators also have made.

  4. Villager: "Oh thank God you guys are here! I thought for sure The Protestant heathens were going to kill us all."

    Catholics: "We got you, bro. Oh, by the way, do you happen to have any kindling? Going to have to burn down your town."

    Villager: "Sure! It's over– Wait. What?"

    Catholics: "Yeeeeaaaaah… We think a smoke screen will be, like, really helpful."

    Villager: "………."

  5. For told an event of centuries before with that much details you not just to be good searched but also bold. You now it if you try draw some kind of map. Good work we watch battle in walls of Lutzen

  6. Love it. Älskar det. All pieces into place to forge the history of man and that it is just a glimpse to understand the future and that war is folly and a continuation of suffering. In 1-2 years we will get Afganistan 1986 and Iraq 1991 in this channel.

  7. Very educational considering the maps of the time are a myriad of kingdoms in the remit of Holy Roman Empire and competing French of Habsburg influences. Sweden was at an apex the subsequent century saw Swedes lose their formidable presence in the east to rise of Russia

  8. Oh, a new episode? Oh! I get it, the algorithm took it's own offering this time. THAT'S Why I lost a sock in the laundry, the bloody Algorithm stole it! Well played Algorithm…you bastard…

  9. 14:51 i would like to point out that the representation of the lakes in the leipzig area by almost all channels on youtube is wrong. the lakes south of leipzig and southwest of merseburg are almost all water-filled opencast mines which were only completely filled with water after 2000. i also noticed this in the EPIC HISTORY in the völkerschlacht video and, since i come from this wonderful region steeped in history, i wanted to point it out. great video as always tho!!!

  10. It's sad to see a history channel with such wrong information, there was no Spain in 1632, there was Portugal and Spain in the Iberian peninsula!
    Portugal is 400 years older than Spain!

  11. A time of religion and war legends tell the tale of a lion
    This beast in the shape of a man with a dream to rule sea and land
    And all those who stand in his way die by God and victorious arms
    With the righteous that follows him south once more set ashore to war
    Legends have taught battles fought this lion has no fear at heart
    Lion come forth come from the north, come from the north
    Gustavus Adolphus, Libera et impera
    Acerbus et ingens, Augusta per angusta

  12. The kings death will always be one history's greatest "what if?" 's. What if he hadn't died?

    Europe as we know it would by all accounts be very different.

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