Frédérique Delage, an alumni of TBS Education and the founder of Kalavea, explores the significant social and environmental impacts of major international sporting events in this insightful conference. This presentation is conducted in English.
Delving into the complexities of building stadiums, swimming pools, moving fans, and expropriating land, Delage discusses the often overlooked consequences of these large-scale events. She questions and analyses the methods through which we can minimize their environmental footprint and social disruption.
This conference is crucial for understanding the intersection of international sports, environmental sustainability, and social responsibility. It offers valuable insights for those interested in sports management, environmental stewardship, and social ethics within the context of global events.
Learn more about the ANEDD: https://www.tbs-education.fr/tbs/responsabilite-societale-developpement-durable/anedd/
Good good morning everyone and welcome to this 18 editions of the aned before we start uh in case some of you wondered we scan the QR code you received by mail at the end of the conference so we know you were you were there um the topic of this conference is
A social and environmental impact of ational Sports um as for the timing the conference is scheduled to last uh 45 minutes with approximately half an hour of presentation and 15 minutes of question and answer and I will now end over to our conferen sir thank you Marine hi good morning
Everybody so um I’m really happy to be here today a very long time ago not very very but very long time ago I was a student at TBS it did not really change except that we didn’t have those small chairs and stuff so it’s funny to go back 20 years
Later um so this morning we will have um a session together on uh International Sports and their impact on uh social and envir the social and environmental impacts just a quick intro to explain you my background and maybe why I was invited to come to deliver this conference
Um long time ago I’m from tulus I was in FMA in terminal S spat which was a delight and then I did prep and then I um entered the PGE program of uh TBS as you know what PGE means I say that but outside of TBS it doesn’t mean
Anything um then I studied two years at the sbor University I got a master’s degree in finance um the year of the economic crisis and then I also got a ba in international English still at saour University um I lived in and worked in in Paris for 10 years I was working in
The movie industry and in the media industry and then I moved to London for six years and I worked in multiple at multiple Tech companies um mainly managing relationships direct relationship with relationships sorry with Hollywood Studios International Sports federations and US Sports organizations NFL NBA UFC and and these
Guys um I was working at companies created stream creating streaming and video platforms so if you know NBA pass NFL pass and if you have ever watched sports or movies or TV shows on your phone or your tablet or your laptop I was working on the tech for the tech companies that
Were creating and that had the technology to provide that service so similar companies are Netflix and Amazon Prime for example so today um we will talk about the impact of international sports so as an introduction my experience in sport is really International uh now I run my company in
Tulus um and I my last project was being part of the organization of the redby World Cup in tus um so we if we have a look at um the impacts of international sports um then these are mainly the the very next or the very last major international sports events so in terms
Of Olympics you have Paris 2024 so this one I hope and I’m sure you heard about that before and trust me you will hear about that a lot until September 2024 then you have Milano CAO 26 then a 28 and Brisbane 2032 yesterday they have just announced
That India has sent their application to host the Olympic Games the summer ones in 2036 in terms of other non-olympic major international sports events you had the FIFA World Cup in qar in 2022 then you now have the worldby World Cup in France you will have the next Super Bowl in in
Vegas um and the next uh football World Cup in the US Canada and Mexico in 26 and the last logo that I chose it is linked to um the second Asian games so it’s like Olympic games but for Asia and that will um happen in 20 34 in Riyad in
Saudi actually it will be in a city that has not been built yet on a mountain where you don’t have snow but still we will talk about that later so if we have a focus now on the Olympics so the current Olympic Games and Par Olympic Games the way we know
Them come from an ancient version that was called Pan helenic games so so olmp on the map is there uh but actually you had many other cities in ancient Greece that had their games um if you like MMA and UFC this is a picture of their ancestor which was called
Pkas um UFC is like a kids very cute and very sweet Sports their version in ancient Greece you had just two things that were forbidden you could not uh remove the the nails from the fingers and the second stuff that you were not allowed it was to take the eyes out of
The face of your adver your opponent any anything else was authorized and as you may understand then some of them were dying after after the fight um there the games were lasting five days day three was some sort of a giant day when they were eating like crazy and
The the the Panic games then they were all dedicated to Greek gods which is a component that completely disappeared with the modern version so so now we so this man is Baron Pi kuberan he he was a French harist Aristocrat Who Loved ancient Greek and Latin culture um and
He was also educated at British boarding schools uh where sport was really encouraged and then while studied studying sorry ancient Greek he found out that at those times they had really big Sports competitions and actually the ancient Olympic Games they were happening every four years for 1,000
Years so he decided to to renew and to revive the Olympic Games and this is why he created the modern Olympic Games so in terms of um dates he created the International Olympic Committee at a conference at the sbone University so you just have you have one picture it’s quite really funny
They all have their big hats and their small mustach um and it was in 1894 um and the first modern Olympic games were in Athens in Greece in 1896 um that version of Olympic Games you roughly had 150 people maximum only men and with a very limited number of sports if you
Have a look at this map so I won’t go into really dive deep into details but modern olyp Olympic Games if we have a look at where they have happened so far many most of them have held in Europe and North America never in Africa never in the Middle East just once in
South America in de Jano in 2016 twice in Australia and when we have a look at Asia Only in China and in Japan so this is why having India apply applying now to host the Olympic Games this is why it’s so important if you hear about the international Olympic Committee you can
Have a look at anything but this chart is the most important one if you understand this one you understand the strategy what it it was what it is and what it will be until maybe this changes so when you have a look at their revenue streams 73% of the money that comes in
Comes from broadcasting rights so TV rights it’s really good it’s really good until the TV rights value Falls fall so until now they have always reasen and this is good to them but then the problem is that this creates a big dependency around the TV rights this is
The same for FIFA for example if now we are in in an environment where TV rights just go up and up and up this is the same for football for example the problem is that if something happen for example covid that takes the TV rights out for one year then it meant
That in 2020 because the Tokyo Olympic games did not happen virtually 73% of the money that was coming in for them had not was not able to come in so this is why it was so important to them to move the Tokyo Olympic Games to
2021 when can you have a look at these figures 18% of the money they make comes from their top program basically the sponsoring they don’t say the word the word sponsoring they talk about Partnerships this is exactly the same this is just a different word 18% of the
Money they make comes from sponsoring deals so the ioc they directly sign themselves with people like Coca-Cola Alibaba airbn NB proor and gambo Toyota uh Visa Alliance and they sign for 10 years and after that they renew the contracts so for example Omega who do the timekeeping then they have signed
The contract they started their partnership in 1932 and afterwards every 10 years they renew the contract it’s not automatic but an if you renew contract as a top top program partner then the contract lasts for 10 years so these companies they work on multiple Olympics they work for example you will
You will have um Coca-Cola being a partner for Paris 2024 they will be for Milano they will be for La they were for Beijing in 2022 and they were for Tokyo and for the previous ones um in terms of sponsoring it means that the organizing Committees of
Olympic Games in every single City they cannot sign a sponsoring deal with these companies and that the money that is given by these companies to the ioc is not given to the organizing committee even if these companies work on their games um very briefly the last other revenue streams other revenues meaning merchandise
And 4% other digital revenues this is um OT and um everything with is which is digital when you have a look at how they use their money 90% of the money they make which is equal to5 billion is directly re reinjected to um the organizing organization of the games
So they give money to the organizing committee committees and they also have programs to help the athletes 10% of their revenue is used for their own um operational operations 10% of what they make is $500,000 half a billion they need half a billion to work as a company this is
Huge this there are many people but still this is huge so if you understand having a look at this figure that they really really really depend on the TV rights you can understand the whole strategy of the ioc afterwards if you understand that the money that they make they give most most
Of it to organizing committees and athlete programs then you understand how they work everything else you hear about them comes from this so if we go a little bit further the red cycle in the middle I will not detail this one but the red cycle in the middle
Is the organizing Committee of every single edition of the Olympic Games so you see there that they do not work alone they have multiple institutional Partners they work with uh theoc the national Olympic committees the national sports Federation and the international sport Sports federations they work with
W which is the world antidoping agency and they work with the Court of uh arbitrary in sports basically you have a special court if you have it’s it’s similar to court of Cass in France if you have a big case that you need an ultimate legal decision on that goes to the
Cast now if we focus and have a look at Paris 2020 24 so the Olympics will be from July 26 to August August the 15 2024 the the opening ceremony will be on the S River and the par Olympics will happen from August 28th to September
The8 it is the very first time that you have perfect equality between men and women athletes before that that has never happened and you will have the total number of athletes that can come to that can compete at Olympics and Par Olympics which is 10,500 athletes you have 32 disciplines and the
Organizing committee is called Paris 2024 which is a name that was I guess really efficient to choose their president is Tony estang who is an Olympic champion in kayak and and their CEO is Ian Toba so Paris 2024 they invented and they introduced the concept of compact
Games um this is something that also relates to the impact that they want to have 95% of existing are existing or Temporaries temporary sorry instru infrastructures so basically existing infrastructure in an an existing infrastructure is for example reusing St def France and branding it for Paris
2024 a temporary one it is really simple you have tracks and tracks and tracks of boxes the boxes arrives on the venue the arrive on the venue they open the boxes they assemble everything the competition starts afterwards they dismantle everything and then they send the boxes back to other
Championships basically for the Olympic Games in Paris they do not build anything they just decided to build a new swimming a new swimming arena in sandon and the Olympic Village also in sandon and the two of them will be reused afterwards to have a proper and
Good swimming pool for kids from San to and to learn how to swim you have 30 disciplines in less than 10 kilometers away from the Olympic Village and you have 85% of athletes with who will be based sorry less than 30 minutes from the place they will compete
At okay so I will try to show you wait up a little bit Of Okay [Applause] Okay so sorry so so this was the yep yeah so this was the first time they ever sent a short video to say that yes we are Paris and yes we are French and no we don’t do things just like everybody else in the world and yes we
Don’t want to have Opening Ceremonies at a stadium just like it’s always been done we want to have an opening ceremony on the river which in the word of Olympics is like like I don’t know don’t look up but in a very positive way it’s like wow this is amazing this is crazy
Only the French can do that um this is very Innovative um and you also have a lot of preparation for that the opening ceremony for the par Olympics will be on um Plaza conard and same for them they do not want Opening Ceremonies inside stadiums so in Paris this summer you
Will not see usual Opening Ceremonies that lasts for five hours with one country after the other like showing their flags and like friends and Spain and Argentina and hi Mom hi Dad this this will not be this way they will be on boats I can tell you that one of the
Most important POS position at Paris 2024 is the is related to the security of the bridges because you have certain bridges that they will need to go under but that will be something absolutely amazing and never never never seen previously if we have if we have a look
At a few figures so when you add audiences you have four ion people who watch the Olympic Games it is the most watched um Sports competition in the world I know that super some of you might think yes but Super Bowl is the most the famous uh competition in the
World yes but Super Bowl is just one game and it’s really American which is good but it’s just on one the Olympics it’s two weeks for the Olympics one week week break and then two weeks so the scale is different the sport is different the scale is different um you will have 6,000
Accredited journalists more than half a million meals served at the athletes Village every single day 9.7 million Spectators on site 40 competition sites and many many many hours of TV broadcast if we have a look at the Yoko budget so this one is also very important so I
Would say that it’s quite a balanced budget the total budget of the oog the organizing Committee of the Olympic Games is is equal to 3.9 billion euros in France I don’t know if you are all French but in France we have something absolutely amazing which is called called
La if I translate it is the court of ss or no of like countings and basically these people they their job is to audit really regularly every single public project that cost a lot of money so at the very beginning when Paris was chosen for the Olympics for
2024 they started to say oh we have the Olympics we want to build a new stadium uh yes that’s cool but how much will it cost oh it will be fine uh well no no they so they decided to keep the stadiums that we have in Paris then they
Wanted to build New Roads new infrastructures yes but how do you budget it yeah but it will be fine we will find money uh no so this organization is tracking every single Euros that is being used by per by Paris 2024 their budget is stable I would say
One3 which is equal to one 1.21 billion euros comes from the the contribution by the ioc so when we had a look at the figures from the ioc then the ioc out of the five billion a year they give one 1.21 billion to um Paris 2021 then another third comes from
Ticketing ticketing the sales of tickets they need to bring 1 16 billion EUR by the sale thanks to the sales of the tickets and hospitalities so let’s be very clear and very honest here it unfortunately contrary to what people might have dreamed about it has never been the plan
To have all tickets for all the competitions of the Olympic games sold at €20 per ticket some of them are cheap but the tickets for the final of Athletics or the tickets for the opening ceremony it has never been the plan the plan to sell them at such a cheap price
Because if they want to have a balanced budget the ticket sales need to bring 1.60 16 sorry billion euros and then the the the rest 127 million euros coming from licenses and Merchandising so this little um uh the the pens everything which which is linked to the products
100 million the black one 100 million coming from the French government which is small here but 100 million that’s not that bad and the rest 200 um and four million from other revenues like um I don’t know digital revenues and stuff like that so when you
Have a look at this budget it’s a very balanced budget and it is been being tracked both by the organization by their Auditors and by for you have another company working on the Olympic Games their name is solido and solido their role is to build infrastructures for the Olympic Games so
Their role is to build the swimming Arena and the Olympic Village they have a few small issues that I will talk about later but still they are also audited all the time so this is a map of the Olympic venues so in blue you have Paris City Center on both sides you have
The woods around Paris and so you see that uh this compact games concept relates to having many many many competition venues close to the city center of the city same for the for the par Olympics this will be how Ponda will look like so everything is in red is for the
Games Grand pet will be extended and you will have the judo competitions there in PL do Concord you will have no cars anymore and you will have Urban Sports so break dance BMX climbing unfortunately these Sports will not be part of the addition in LA this is the Aquatic Center so the one
That they will build in sandon this is St the France this is the temporary venue for Beach Valley on the Shand de Mar and football and men and women um games will be in different cities in France so you will have other competitions outside Paris so equestrian will be in versil
Swimming and water Polo in N hockey grass hockey uh will be in col kayak and Rowing will be in verar and climbing will be at lour in lour on Bal in L football in in several French cities and sailing in maray and to finish surf will be in
Tahiti this will look like this for acrian competitions the gardens here are the real Gardens of versil This Is the aquatic venue in ver man the pier MOA stadium in L for hbal and sailing will be in marsill this is how the Olympic Village will look like and
This is how the HQ in sand looks like you have 28 Olympic sports so the usual one that you see and you have four new ones breaking sport sport climbing skateboarding and surfing and you have 22 par Olympic sports these companies are the worldwide partners of the Olympic Games so these
People sign directly with the iot so these ones you see them at every single Edition summer or winter for the Olympic Games Airbnb are the new guys it’s quite new um this one ons and afterwards are the partners that sign deals with Paris 2024 only they have to bring $1 billion
Dollars by signing deals with these companies and the other ones that I will show you that can be Financial sponsoring that can also be also be sponsorship with products or services that are given well that are values and valued and priced but are are given to Parish 2024 for example orange they will
Buy they will bring the 5G EDF the electricity Deaton here will um will will give all the clothes and the shoes and everything for the 45,000 volunteers and basically these are the ones that give well the ones that are the tier one tier one Partners the most important
Ones in France these ones are tier two and these ones are tier three uh for example renot they will um work on most of the contracts for people who will want to work on the Olympic Games not at the organizing committee but people who will work at um I don’t know the
Restaurants or for the organization and everything run that is managing the contracts so now that we had a look at Paris 20 2024 in terms of organization and now that we had a look at how they are are managed now we need to have a look at
The impact of these games so the first part will be on the impact that they communicate on and what they want to do and what they are doing how do you do you define impact in sports so you have different components you can have an impact that is social environmental
Environmental um the image impact Financial political diplomatic local versus global and everything which we call Heritage where do the emissions of sports events come from this is for every single sport event this is exactly the same for a UFC game an NBA game for the Super Bowl final for your local
Football club this is the same for TPC start to is the same so emissions come from come come from Transportation food facilities and infrastructure air conditioning and heating digital broadcast and broadcast with all the servers that you need to use to Brad broadcast and to keep the data and
Merchandising just uh now that we are talking about airon in order to keep their uh emissions low it is not in the plan to have air conditioning anywhere for any competitions at Paris for Paris 2024 the so now we really need to hope that it won’t be 45 degrees outside because even if
They hope that the temperature will be 7° less inside 45 minus 7 is still 38 so this is one of the big potential problem that they will need to face in terms of sustainability Paris 2024 they want to have a big Heritage and Legacy for these games so their plan
Is to have the carbon footprint of the games it’s the very first time very first e sports event in the world that will be the first climate positive International Event they will do that by carbon compensation and they have a special committee that is in charge of tracking
That Paris 2024 they have signed the sports for climate action initiatives launched by the un fccc so the UN and they have signed the charter of um 15 ecor responsible commitments written by the French Ministry of sports and WWF their goal is to um show the example for f future international sports events
To really try to do something really big in terms of sustain stainability uh I will not lie in sports you have lots of green washing um talks but then in that case Paris 2024 they actually act they of course use uh reuse a lot of competition venues um and they have
Temporary uh venues too they use the concept of a sobriety strategy I don’t believe that in any other sector the word sober or sobriety has really a positive meaning but in terms of sports event in that case it works really well and um they really focus the fact uh on the fact that
People will use public transportation and they have announced that 100% of the energy that will be used will be renewable for the games they have a very sophisticated method to calculate and to track the carbon footprint and they created a carbon footprint budget and basically they will track their carbon emissions before after
Before during and after the games not just during they use all the preparation in this calculation and everything that will happen afterwards which is quite new in sports they have a tracking method around the antip anticipation avoidance reduction offsetting and mobilization of um everybody for Paris 2024 they want to
Gather people around the games and especially French people so they have a program which is called generation 2024 and they want to involve young people around the Olympics there is a big focus on bless you a big focus on uh Sports at school the week of
Sports uh the week of the Olympics at school uh the program the program to encourage young people to do physical activity not only Sports so if you want to go out and walk for 30 minutes this is part of the program so that people they just move move their body more you
Also have what we call ter accreditation so many cities outside Paris they can organize um events and competitions that are um that match the criteria of the Olympic Games organization this is how Paris 2024 manage their impact and this is what they will do but then well especially to your
Generation I will not um I will not hide that we are in a current climate crisis and the question is how do we solve that equation so if you have a look at the ipcc report ipcc in French is gek this is what needs to be done
This is the simplified version so in order to keep global warming under one .5 degrees we now must One Stop consuming coal reducing but 95% so when I deliver conferences in France they say oh but that’s fine we don’t that’s fine we don’t have coal yes
But everything that we buy is made in China or in Asia and they use coal as a primary source of energy so indirectly we use call so how do we help those countries trans transition out of call this is the main question this is not about saying oh oh China they should do
Something different okay but maybe they could say okay so if you’re not happy you just have to produce your products at home these are the types of discussions that are now happen happening in terms of global warming because I think it’s quite easy to always reject the problem
And the fault on the others Point number two we need like Collective in the word reduce our oil consumption by 60% and we need to reduce our gas consumption by 70% globally so we could see that Paris 2024 is the most advanced international sports events now in terms of
Sustainability if you if you have a new look at other sports events Qatar I love Qatar I have nothing against them but you have to understand that 20 years ago when somebody came in a meeting room at FIFA and that person said we have the solution we can host
The the football World Cup and we will have air conditioning everywhere at the stadium people uploaded for them with their system values it was amazing because they had found a solution now 20 years later 21 years years later this was more than less acceptable for many
Many people in terms of impact but 20 years ago 25 years ago 30 years ago it was not making any problem now we see the impact and we see the consequences but back then they they did not have any problem um redby World Cup in France it’s quite fine the Super Bowl that’s
Okay except that the transportation emissions to go to the Super Bowl are completely crazy the next football World Cup will be in between three countries so I can tell you that if you want to go from Mexico to Canada you for for now if you want to
Arrive before uh if you want to have a journey that lasts less than 5 days you just have to fly so how do you work how can you work around the impact and sustainability of this event which was given to these three countries quite a long time ago how do
You manage that with the current situation we are living in in and also the the current awareness of the population um and of course Riad 2034 they got the winter Asian games they got them attributed but for a city that has not been built yet in a place which is high
In the mountains but where they do not have any snow and they will never have any snow so in terms of impact it’s quite questionable let’s say like this you might have heard about Saudi Arabia and Qatar having a big competition in terms of sports they announced that they had the
Asian Games the week before the the opening ceremony of the football World Cup in Qatar and when we had the football World Cup in Qatar Saudi Arabia decided to buy as many TV ads as possible so when you were watching the games you had the game then you had like the sponsors video
Then you have that katar football redby World Cup logo and afterwards all the time you had at least one advertising for visit Saudi this is not just a coincidence this is just that in terms of soft power there’s a big competition between these these countries what are the risk the risk
Around Paris 2024 so number one readiness I would not like to you Readiness is a big problem for any single organizing committee inflation unfortunately these games will cost at least 15% 155% more because of inflation security currently INF France security especially for sports events is focused on terrorist attacks um security of people
Security of building the problem here is that you have another security component which is linked to heat waves what what if it is 45 degrees outside when the athletes need to run the marathon between versailes and Paris what will happen what will happen to the audience while we what will happen to the
Athletes um security is also linked to cyber security what what happens if they get hacked in South Korea they got hacked with a malware that was they C that came in their system seven years well six years and a half before the beginning of the Olympics and that was
Programmed to just destroy the system six years afterwards it never happened because an inn actually a young person part of the team who had just been hired he had kept a copy of the system on um Hardware disk this is the only reason so they reloaded one version of the system been
Affected seven and created seven years before this is why the system didn’t go completely down in 2018 in South Korea you also have risk related to diplomatic issues I will not lie to you that a big decision and a big speech will need to be delivered by our
President and with a clear reply to the the question can Russian and B Russian athletes compete in Paris number one and number two if they compete will they be able to compete to compete under their national flags this is the biggest question that you have now now knowing that in Russia
Sports is a big tool to spread I will quote the amazingness of the Russian superiority of the Holy Russia population so they of course nobody is talking about that you do not have lots of comments about ukrainians coming to the Olympic Games or Russians or B
Russians but I can tell you that in behind the scenes that you have lots of discussions and of course you have heat waves and sanitory which is linked to the covid I know that you know that as well as me in terms of risk management at the Olympics um the risk have always
Been managed afterwards when a problem happened and not proactively so debates and issues around Paris 2024 and this is the last the last one number one you have old shared Gardens that were destroyed in sandon to build infrastructure number two there will be students living at um student housing
The Cru one who will need to leave the facil the the their Flats at the beginning of June 2024 so that delegations can sleep there homeless people in Paris will be gathered and sent outside Paris area area and they will mainly be sent in to Britany you will have seven additional
PE million people using Paris tubes so I guess everybody has Been in chat in Paris please Imagine 7 million people more than what you have seen seen in your life in in the tube of FIS inflation made the games more expensive by 15% and unfortunately you have several police investigations now one around suspicion of corruption and Market attribution to event management and
Event organization agencies and one which has been a big case because solido company building infrastructures they hired undocumented people paying them really low money not giving them any contracts making them working like crazy on the Olympic Games infrastructures and these some of these people they won the
Court trial and they now have their French paper the legal ones and last point unfortunately I know not many people have Comm communicated on that but summer festivals in July and in August will be cancelled because they need security agents to work at the games so to finish an open
Question even when they are compensated are the impacts of international sports events acceptable in the current climate crisis word and just to let you know these are things that are known but not communicated by the organizing committee thank You do you have any questions no questions okay which one of these points is the most shocking one for you Soo yeah students yeah this is true this is really shocking but this is true I’m not really sure they have a plan to give them new housing instead of this one
The only one that they can’t do anything against is the inflation the inflation if it costs more then they might have budgeted but now they have to pay more this is the only one they have to adapt any questions no okay so just to finish if you want so
There are a lot of jobs open for the Olympic games like when I say a lot it’s more than 6,000 jobs so if you want to work for the Olympic Games or if you want to be part of it have a look at it and you can find internships you can work for
That so yeah this is the last one and they need people like you who know how to work pleas yeah okay thank you very much have a good day