Sustainable lifestyles, sufficiency, can help reducing emissions in high-emission countries with affluent lifestyles. Policies supporting these should be included in the GST and new NDCs. New European research shows the specific sufficiency actions and policies that can make the difference.
Speakers: Researchers and NGOs from EU Horizon FULFILL project: Prof. Lorenzo Pagliano, POLIMI Italy; Dr. Vicky Duscha, Fraunhofer Institute ISI, Germany; Yves Marginac, Association négaWatt, France; Gunnar Boye Olesen, SustainableEnergy, Denmark; Judit Szoleczky INFORSE-Europe. EU repr (tbc).
Also the frown Hofer Institute and Nia wat so uh but I think without further uh interruptions I think I’ll give the word to Lorenzo and you can also quick we need to have the presentation Up so we’re just ready to get the uh presentation online um which we expect will be very soon hopefully for there are sorry there are some technical difficulties here so um we would like to introduce the the side event and it is about sustainable Lifestyles sufficiency supporting just
And climate actions stronger and disas we added the unfccc uh cop 28 in Dubai we have uh several speakers the first speaker will be uh Professor Lorenzo Pagano director of the energy use efficiency research search group from uh poly Technic C in Milano then we have uh Dr Vicky Dua from prare
Institute for systems and Innovation research Germany afterwards it’s myself Udi soleski from inforce International Network for sustainable energy and then uh Eve marinak Association neat France and afterwards guab boa all is an international Network for sustainable energy in force when the speakers are done then we have
Comments and we have Sasha gabison from women and engage for a common future who would like to com who would comment and then we are open for discussions at this side event we will present what sufficiency is why is it necessary and how is it possible showcase new European research that
Shows specific sufficiency actions and policies these can make a difference in five EU countries and in the whole EU afterward scenarios will show how the 27 EU countries can follow sustainable path with zero emission and here you can see the the major slide if you can see that yeah this is a
The Side Event introduction slide and afterwards I would like to it’s not working again I would like to um is it possible that they can they can share themselves or Mouse is not working yeah okay yeah and then we would like to give word Professor Lorenzo Pagano director of
Energy use efficiency research group from poly Technic Milano please the words the floor is yours oh uh we need a voice from of Energy Efficiency I see this mute okay um can you hear me now yes now now we can hear thanks so um um I um okay there is an echo
Okay um can you hear me now thanks so um um I okay there is an echo okay um can you hear me now okay thanks so um um I there is an echo um can you hear me should I reconnect but I don’t think it depends mean we’re uh We okay should I try again and Maybe okay should I try again and may Be you can hear me now one voice only yes uh we can hear you now okay so uh if now there is only one voice I um uh I start so the the presentation is about uh the results of this literature review that we have uh performed um in the project I
Will raise my hand when you go on to the next slide please um the review is organized in around a series of questions what is a sufficiency why it is necessary why it is possible we have examples great examples why it is desirable obviously there are lots of data
References which we will not present today we just go on with few images to um give an impression to U the audience please next slide um so we start with the definition uh which is in ipcc the last report even if the concept is uh very old it has
Decades of history or thousands of of years of History uh sufficiency policies are a set of measures and daily practices both of those things that avoid demand for not only energy but materials land water while delivering well-being to everyone on the planet within the boundary physical and biological of the planet next
Slide um so we can clarify maybe simply by telling recalling what is technical efficiency uh it means delivering um the same output with a reduced um um with the reduced input energy input for example decrease the fuel input to a motor to deliver the same uh mechanical uh
Power at the same time maintaining uh the service kilometers traveled in for example individual cars or you may even increase the service with more kilometers or heavier cars so efficiency takes another um way to to achieve uh accessibility to the places where we want to go for example walking cycling
Efficient transport to substitute a large part of the travels in private car cars let’s go on um and one could discuss uh efficiency obviously efficiency of a motor is probably not everything uh here we have the armor electric vehicle which weighs 4.5 tons of which 1.5 just for
The battery is heavier than let’s say a normal car and obviously humans weight 70 kilos and President Biden Also let’s go on effic and and we we know from the International Energy agency that SUVs have been in the last decade the second largest source of growth of CO2 emissions next
Slide um sufficiency takes another approach um for example by integrating public transport and bikes here we have an example the uh bike station in utre under the train station uh which has two 12,000 uh places open all the year all the time free parking for 24 hours let’s go
On um if we have to make an example in buildings um um we we might try to describe a type of service the service a uh where all windows are closed then and night uh we have large glazing surfaces uh people dressed heavily particularly men with tie and jacket
Chairs uh with thick uh cautions also insulating um all these are documented in standards by the way how we measure those insulation values and so you end up with a set point of air at 22 24 de celsus in summer next slide um obviously you you might have a
Different service service where windows are opened at night to cool down the building for the next day uh you design new buildings and retrofits for natural ventilation you wear light clothes uh you have chairs u in mesh or metal as in the European Parliament uh you have natural ventilation as in this
Building of corbusier you have ceiling fans desk fans and a set point at 27 28 degre Celsius next um it might appear unrealistic but it is what it is done in Japan since 15 years with this cool bees campaign here you see the Prime Minister and all the
Government wearing uh light clothes as it is mandated for all uh people working in public Administration and recommended for companies which are uh participating um to this we go on and there are some interesting effects uh for example the fact that by survey by standardized survey we we know that women have been
Particularly um appreciating this new set settings uh because now everyone is stressed lightly and they women don’t have to endure uh low temperature to to satisfy the requirements of men dressed very heavily and this all is in line with Comfort science it’s codified in standard Ash 55 revised in 2020 the roll
Of air velocity is documented analytically there uh next and sufficiency so we we have an example now we have definitions it is necessary due to the um sharp increase of warming this year for example additional to those of previous years next um and to the fact that Renewables even
With their strong and uh extremely welcome progress are not able to keep the pace with the growth of total energy use let’s go on uh this was in the last decade uh the fraction of energy delivered by fossil fuels has remained stable there are some
Sign of change in the last few years but still the International Energy agency warns that the growth of Renewables will not be sufficient to decarbonize by 2050 we have to act on the other side of the equation to total energy use and to do that quickly we need sufficiency
Next uh also to decrease our material footprint next uh it’s possible yes it’s possible we have examples uh this is rud roli in Paris it was in highway now it is four lanes of bicycles and one lane of bus and taxis and the traff has not been
Displayed in the parallel roads it has reduced numbers show that it has been reduced go to next um obviously this is done with a network of one a network of 1,400 kilometers of high quality Lanes uh separation between the flows of cycling and walking and cars physical separation next
In the center and in the suburbs and many other things speed limits at 20 and 30 reduction of car parking by 50% uh a proposal to price parking proportional to the weight of cars uh a proposal to limit the speed on the surrounding Highway uh to 50 kilometers
Per hour and reserve a lane to car pooling and so on next and there are effects we see a doubling a doubling of uh cycle trips in the main roads of Paris in one year next uh and uh cycle trips outnumber car trips in the main roads of Paris
Especially at uh peak hours morning and after afternoon when people go to work or school next and Bloomberg analysis just out uh shows that the two and three wheelers electric have displaced four times more oil than uh electric cars because they are such a large number and uh there the two and
Freewheelers obviously are using much less lithium for the batteries than the big um cars with big batteries for a higher effect of bikes than for cars next um Paris is not alone brandenberg has just enacted a new Mobility plan which says zero Euros for New Roads for
Uh cars and all the money goes to public public transport and bike Lanes within cities and between cities next um so it seems to be possible but how and we accelerate please next um next um so in in the review we use these three terms ah here there is still an
Please go on I if there is still an animation which I didn’t want sufficiency habits individually infrastructures we have seen that infrastructures are needed to enable sufficiency by individuals and social Frameworks legislation Norms um next but these Frameworks social Frameworks have been created by social
Uh AC AC ity the the Netherlands was a car dominated Society until in the 70s there was this big movement led by women mostly which said stop the kids more murder on our streets um next and can be financed equitably uh for example with Progressive tariffs
Where you have a basic uh use of energy and water at low price and then when the uh usage becomes unsustainable the price of the unit goes up this is only one of the methods we list in the review please go on and we are going to the end there
Are a number of advantages we know that there are advantages for Elf of an active uh Mobility next but there are things that can only be seen uh how children are profiting of the new spaces in Paris with their parents and even alone next and our Highway on the side of the
River has been transformed in a beach next uh but you can travel all around Europe for example talking of Europe um by train and bike from the French Riviera to Denmark or to um Norway uh next but you can enjoy nature even without moving from your house this is
What I see from my window uh thanks to the lockdown I discovered my friends out of my window next and I’ve seen the satellites of Jupiter still from the center of the city next to be continued [Applause] thank you very much um it was really really exciting with all this uh
Transformations that we showed uh in the pictures from Paris to Holland and uh so there is a hope it is uh desirable and it’s possible and now I would like to introduce Dr Vicky daa from The frer Institute for system and Innovative research Germany and she will introduce the European research in
Sufficiency uh the results of uh surveying 19,500 Europeans within the fulfill project which is fundamental decarbonization through sufficiency by lifestyle changes she is working on Net Zero scen scarios and also scenarios which are including sufficiency and behavioral changes the floor is yours I hope we can
Hear you thank you I hope so too can you hear me yes we can okay hello thank you yeah I want to use the next roughly 10 minutes to give you an overview on the fulfill project um next slide please uh I want to show you our definition of
Sufficiency oriented Lifestyles which is has already been addressed by Lorenzo quite a lot then I will give you an overview on what we do in the fulfill project uh in total and I will present some of the findings from our survey as you did already um indicated and I will
Also give you an overview on the next steps and challenges ahead of us next slide please um so in our framework we think that creating um or we look into how can we create social infrastructure and Regulatory conditions for changing individual but also Collective lifestyles in a way that
Reduces energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions to an extent that AR are on the one hand within plan planetary boundaries but also simultaneously that they contribute to social wellbeing um we may see or we see in our survey that some people are of course um at the
Lower end of Green gas emissions and of um consumption but they may not be have a high well-being um as we want them to have but they may be deprived and therefore have a lower well-being um so when we talk about sufficiency oriented Lifestyles we explicitly talk about those
Lifestyles um that allow a certain level of Social and um individual well-being so um this is a very general definition that we use and what do we mean specifically uh next slide please um and Lorenzo already gave a number of different ideas of what sufficiency means um so for example you can travel
Less and have fun in your own Hometown uh watch at birds or whatever watch at the sky um you can decide to use the bicycle instead of using a car um you can decide to live in a smaller home uh so you have maybe less stress with
Cleaning your home um and you can also uh try to to eat meat and that does not necessarily mean that it’s not as tasty as your your your meat-based um diet would be but there are great recipes out there uh which um are based on a healthy
But more planet friendly diet and also low Tech Lifestyles um are an aspect that are that can provide um that can be sufficient so um next slide please this is the framework of our project um so we look into sufficiency habits because we think that sufficiency enables structural change um but we are
Also aware of the fact that of course we need enabling structures for sufficiency to work um on an individual micro level uh that that should be visible in individual reduction oriented behaviors for example not using your car so much um but more often using the bicycle or
Using the public transport but of course public transport also has to be available um and in total we expect that from this um sufficiency oriented Lifestyles we see a reduction in the overall uh carbon footprint of people um I already indicated that we look into high well-being uh or in into sufficiency
Aspects related with well High well-being so not people that are deprived we would not call that sufficiency um and on the meso and macro level um sufficiency oriented Lifestyles mean that we provide the infrastructure necessary to enable people to be um to react or to to act sufficient so for
Example provide the public transportation or provide bike Lanes as we have seen that in the examples of Paris um but of course we can also look a level higher the macro level um where policies and leg legislations um can be used to to um yeah provide those uh infrastructures and uh provide an
Incentive to be more sufficient next slide so uh let’s look into what we do and fulfill next slide please we have more or less three uh well first let’s start we have we combine different approaches to look into this questions on the one hand side we have a bunch of
People from psychology sociology and political sciences um who look into what sufficient Lifestyles really mean at the individual level um but also on the political level and we combine that with technoeconomic assessments of um of sufficiency uh in the form of modeling um I’ve already indicated that we look
Into different levels so we look at the individual micro level but we also integrate the meso into the micro level because we think it’s highly relevant that those different levels really work together um and we do a systemic um imp assessment um by bringing everything together in a microeconomic
Modeling in the end next slide please here you see our team we are a um a group of eight research institutes from uh six European countries um and you have seen some of the people who are working with us already and we’ll see them in the side event and the project
Is funded by the European Union next slide please so we started when we look into the project structure we started with building the bases and that is what Lorenzo has already shown you so we dive deep into the literature um to see what Lit Literature says about sufficiency
And to develop a definition um of sufficiency but also of indicators for sufficiency and that work has been presented by Lorenzo in the next step we then use um those definitions um to look into uh how sufficiency actually works on the different levels so we did a survey on the micro level with
Individuals and households to understand um how people can actually um deliver on sufficiency we looked at the Meso Level at municipalities and communities in how they can um provide the necessary uh infrastructure and the the framewor let’s say um to make individuals behave uh sufficient and we also look at the
Micro level on National and European policies that may enhance efficiency um yeah and once we have done that we integrate the findings um to receive results on how that can impact the greenhouse gas emissions in Europe and in the European countries based on macroeconomic modeling next slide please this is what
We are doing from a from the research perspective we combine that with a rather severe um discussion with and and communication strategy so we have um a lot of workshops going on where we um discuss our findings and our suggestions with C citizens politicians businesses and employees of the European
Commission um to make them understand our findings um but also to discuss with them whether they feel that the findings are relevant and how they can be integrated into the political um processes and and we also have a communication Strate uh strategy um we have a website where we present our um
Findings we we use social media a lot press articles and so on and of course the side event is also part of the communication strategy next slide please now let’s look into uh one of the findings from our survey next slide please we did we conducted a survey with
6,500 participants in five European countries Germany France Italy lva and Denmark and we asked them to um to use a carbon footprint calculator provided by us to um to calculate their individual carbon footprint and we specifically looked into four areas we looked into space and hot water heating so fuel
Consumption a few fuel sources um energy consumption energy costs and the buildings uh characteristics to get a feeling of whether um they are more efficient or less efficient the use of electricity um of course we considered if green electricity is being used which is then um considered to have no greenhouse gas
Emissions um and we also conducted electricity from a private uh photovoltaic then we looked into the motorized transport so we asked them to give us information on the distance is traveled and the fuel sources for their cars and motorbikes and we ask about the nutrition so the main diet types is it
Vegan vegetarian flexitarian mixed or high meat high on meat um and whether the food they are um they are eating is um produced uh regionally or whether it’s it is it is seasonal or not and all that information taken together we were able to calculate a total carbon
Footprint for all of the individuals next slide please and based on that we then identifi different groups and um we differentiated based on the total carbon footprint and we looked into the 25% uh lowest total carbon footprint then we have the average group between 25 and 75% and the highest
25% of total carbon footprint and of course we are particularly interested in the lowest 25% of overall total carbon footprint and we further differentiated in that group um on the one hand side uh based on the well on a well-being index um to find out whether people are
Actually sufficient because they want to be or whether they are sufficient because they need to be because they are deprived so we have one group um the group three which is deprived so they have low carbon footprint that but they are they have a low well-being as well
And we have a group um which has a high well-being and there we have again a differentiation into two groups a very sufficient individuals which are good in all four of those areas and um a second group of sufficient individuals who are still good in in or among the 25 most
Sufficient in the group in some of the areas but not in all of the areas um so those were the groups we could identify next slide please and when we look into this those first three groups uh we find that roughly three to four% of um a country are
Within this group of very sufficient people um so they have low emissions um in all of the domains we looked into and have a high well-being um we found that in this group there are mostly uh women with a high income and they are very supportive of sufficiency
Oriented Lifestyles and and have a or high on the en environmental identity the second group on the sufficient or partly sufficient um people are 8 to 9% per country and those um results are can be found in all of the five countries so they they are still very low in their emissions based
On um based on our survey um and have a high well-being but they are not among the best in all of the four categories so we Define them to be very eco-friendly and to be supportive of environmental policies but then at the same time we find that also
50% of the groups so 12 to 40 14% per country um are have very um low Greenhouse uh carbon footprint but not because they want to have but because they are deprived so they are low in emissions but they are also low in well-being and again in that group we see mostly women
They have a low income and they are normally not working full-time um so that was quite interesting to see that that is um that that can be found in all of the five countries we looked into next slide please so what are the next steps briefly next slide
Please uh we have a second wave of this survey um to see on the one hand side whether the results are stable um across time um but also to understand better which of the groups are willing or how far they are willing to support policy instruments looking into um sufficiency
In particular on smaller houses and on higher meat prices um and we are currently in the analysis of the results we are also um in the process of analyzing the policy instruments in the countries that look into sufficiency um but at the same time we are also working on upscaling um the the
Inputs from the indiv ual level um to get uh the um the inputs for the macroeconomic modeling and then being able to make um to get results on how it can affect greenhouse gas Emissions on the EU level yeah and I will leave it at that thanks a lot
Yeah yeah thank you very much I think it was very interesting that uh that what is that you that it was Ser surveyed about 9,500 people and also it’s interesting that the young people are more sustainable and also they are among the in the young people group they are also more women so
I think it is also gives a um sign that uh when the young people are more uh interested so maybe there is a hope in the future and now I would like to introduce myself I’m udit soleski from the International Network for sustainable energy and I will speak about uh this uh sustainable
Initiatives uh by the citizens and uh 50 of them were 50 of them were U uh analyzed hello yeah so the local sufficient initiatives driven by engaged citizens and how local socities can help make making them succeed and uh this is the result of the surveying 50 initiatives in the FI
Project we found that there is a v of local sufficiency initiatives by citizens uh um and we uh uh searched uh we have uh made survey of of them map them in five EU countries that is Denmark France Germany Italy and latva and beside that there was also examples in India as a
Comparism uh reach and div Spectrum add sufficient lifestyles in housing mobility and consumption here is a picture to show a little bit to give a little uh wake you up and uh uh see what is a VR speaking about the here you can see a picture from uh
Uh exchange of closes that where you can put your closes and then uh then uh then you can rent it again there are some Eco Village initiatives repair shops and um repair and re Rel love uh so it is uh just to to give a little uh understanding what we are speaking about
So the local citizens sufficiency in initiatives reduce consumption reduction of waste for example in packaging free shops reusing products like secondhand shops and uh in in exchanging and sharing shops repairing repair coffees sewing workshops recycling converting use products reducing living space in tiny houses we also examine them and combining cooh housing organic
Agriculture locally grown food in Eco Villages or communities and on the left side you can see a repair Cafe where it says that to get in Danish together we are fixing your defected sinks so this is a place where you can go and then you can get repairs to
Six housing and Mobility for example initiatives are reusing of wac and buildings or sharing of spaces this like uh there are car sharing ride sharing cargo bikes alternative different versions of public transport reducing energy intensive delivery and in the food sector they are also promoting new relationships between
Local producers and consumers I put this uh shop there uh which is where you can exchange the cloes the initiative by citizens is a good life with less and it also gives meaning of life the suff initiatives analyzed are mostly voluntary and nonprofit associations and cooperatives of Civil Society but they are also
Commercial sufficiency initiatives people engag in these initiatives are generally improving their well-being and they also find meaning of live in these initiatives so I think this is a very important things to to realize um the initiative show many examples of sufficiency practices and can Inspire sufficiency policies but they also meet many
Obstacles they are dependent of support from the society in case in some cases economic financial support but in all cases they uh the society they need that the societ Society gives them the space in physical space like a venue or in legislation and planning of municipalities we have made a policy
Brief we made a policy with how can municipalities support local sufficiency initiatives there’s a one page summary please check it out beside that there are also a new things it is called citizen uh science workshops where the where we are gathering some people and uh who are
Answering the questions what can I do or what can you do what can to reduce my footprint in this area what holds me back so what are the obstacles and what could help me to change and then they are proposing some policies and these can be labeling standards recycling taxation legislation financial support
Different things and then uh we are publishing this what citizens are thinking and there was a voting on this and uh I was POS with ating one in Paris and you can see the picture of the group from five countries and uh it is also have the recommendations in one page on the
Website and thank you very much and uh I’m saying uh that this is the website and repair reare Rel love Yeah and following this uh quick introduction to some of the uh local initiatives that are trying to promote sufficiency uh i’ like we’ like to give
The word to Eve marinak from nead who’s taking us to the other end in a way when a European scenario for house efficiency can actually be a part of the solutions also on the global at least European level in this case yes um exactly thank you thank you
Very much and uh good good afternoon to people in in Dubai and hello to everyone um I will present this uh scenario which is called clever standing for a a collaborative low energy vision for the European region um waiting for the for the slides um um but well I I could start there
Next slide please so the um uh it’s collaborative to start with because we developed this uh and I say we because uh negawatt uh which I represent and is basic in France coordinated this work uh we developed this with 25 Partners from uh 20 European countries and really
Starting with u trajectory that are meaningful in National context before we integrated them into an ambitious uh scenario on the European level it’s uh low energy because it’s really focusing on a demon based sustainability approach developing what we call the uh sufficiency efficiency Renewables frame
Work in a very systemic way and it Bears a vision for the European region which is a vision of first uh response to climate urgency of course and also a response to the need to develop energy sovereignty with different uh objectives regarding climate regarding Renewables and uh the uh much important concern for
A finding a fair and robust and realistic pathway to meet these objectives um next slide um as uh you have already guessed uh the uh this project has very much focused on sufficiency and uh we uh insist on the fact that this is also a way to uh enshrine uh this uh approach
In a very Global Equity framework we uh Define sufficiency as you can see here in a way that is very close to the definition that ipcc later on coined in its six advancements reports um the um it’s really about uh getting us between two limits the uh environmental ceiling
Of uh planetary boundaries but also the uh uh social Foundation of decent uh lifestyle and a decent level of services uh for everyone and we we really think that this is crucial to get us to a fair and sustainable transition next slide um this is about uh uh neat’s experience uh
With the modeling sufficiency we have been pioneered in uh in that field and uh we can say that uh uh the approach to uh model and to think about sufficiency in policies and so on is really similar to uh what we need what what we are used
To do with other levels like uh like efficiency like Renewables uh the difference is that it comes with more obstacles because we we we start from from further uh but the good news is that there are uh there there is uh a concern today and an understanding of
The need to get there uh the graph on the right shows the share of sufficiency related recommendations as produced by citizens assemblies that the light blue big bars compared to the shares in policies set by governments in their National plans and you can see that citizens when they discuss this are much
More ready to sufficiency than decision makers uh usually think um and uh I just put a number of research project or research networks that are really working on how to develop sufficiency in model scenarios and policies that’s a really impressive ongoing work next slide U is about the main results of the
Uh of this clever scenario uh and the most important of course on the on the left is that it is uh a scenario that is compatible with the 1.5 degree objective um it shows how uh the Europe could get to carbon neutrality by 2045 but more importantly uh doing so in a
Carbon budget that is uh compatible to a fair share per capita of Europe of a global 1.5 carbon budget um the second graph shows that this come through uh an important reduction of final energy consumption by 55% we think that is what the potential is through sufficiency and
Efficiency and I’ll come back to that of course in in a minute and the third graph on the right uh shows that uh this scenario uh uh gets uh gets us to 100% uh renewable Supply local renewable Supply by 2050 which is of course a key
To uh for energy sovereignty uh and this is enabled uh mostly through cross- sectorial sufficiency which we developed thinking about corridors of convergence and that that is what I’m going to focus now um next slide please um this is uh just to uh uh say that within those 55% of reduction we uh
Consider that although we didn’t couldn’t quantify this for the clever scenario itself but based on existing scenarios that go into more details for France Germany and the UK for instance but also in line with the global North demand oriented scenarios uh we uh consider that uh sufficiency roughly
Account for 20 to 50 of the uh 55 uh sorry 20 to 30 of the 55% reduction of demand altogether next slide um next slide is about this idea of convergence uh between countries um you can see the global level of uh demand reduction on the left but you can see on
The right that uh the graph shows that the uh sharing of this reduction is different between countries depending of course on the uh on where they start where where where they start uh taking into account that some countries in Europe especially in Central Europe for instance are still uh lacking lagging
Behind the level of development of more overc consuming ones and that is what we’ve been looking into um next slide uh through an analysis of U the uh policies that could deliver on sufficiency but also an analysis of a differentiated level of uh implementation to take into
Account uh the actual level of uh Energy Services that is delivered to people uh within countries and you can see uh here on the right uh uh an example of that regarding the evolution of the floor area per capita in different countries we actually worked together with Partners to define the through two
Thresholds that you see the green and the orange one which illustrate the uh our common understanding of what these two boundaries planetary boundaries and decent living conditions should mean and the efforts uh for different countries to try to get National trajectories within those boundaries through a a
Complete set of of uh policy that could be implemented regarding the level of use of existing system for instance the level of heating in in in um in floor areas uh the evolution of the living space the evolution of the uh size and use of appliances for instance and we
Thought of a lot of policies regarding that um we uh I next side sorry thank you uh on um Mobility just shows exactly the same kind of approach um with again Corridor of convergence between countries which shows that some countries really need to reduce the average number of uh uh kilometers per
Capita that is covered by population but some still need to increase that and we took this into account and again this comes with a differentiated implementation of the same kind of policies between countries regarding Car occupancy regarding uh uh the model shift of course both to Collective transports and soft Mobility or uh
Regarding uh urban planning to reduce the distances that uh we need to cover which uh in most uh most parts of Europe is a complete reverse of the policy that has been uh conducted over the past decades next slide um is about our Global the global recommendation that this scenario bears
For the uh European policy first we think really that sufficiency first principle can lead Europe uh out of the current energy crisis uh and be a response not only to climate urgency but to deeper uh sustainability including what Lorenzo mentioned regarding U raw materials footprint for instance which
Of course has a lot to do with the equity and solidarity worldwide um and we have a set of recommendations regarding uh implementation of current uh uh EU 2030 objective and the need for a very ambitious 2040 objective that are currently discussed uh and really we think that it’s time to mainstream
Sufficiency and demant first in uh EC policy and in the policy of uh European member states and that’s what we are going to continue to push on the European level um final slide is just about the resources that you can uh next slide yeah that you can find on on the
Website regarding uh trajectories of the uh very of all countries and uh the scenario on the eu27 and eu3 uh uh levels there’s a lot of open data and there are some technical notes that you could also find there thank you very much thank you very much hello yeah and
Now I would like to introduce uh gab boy and he will speak about the sufficient speci policies in ndc’s and EU countries National Climate and energy plans what are what are what is there already and how to make sufficiency policies drive faster drive faster C organization sorry and gar is uh also
Working on this in the last 30 years and on different scenarios and uh this is also part of this FF project um the FL yes uh thank you very much and uh I’m happy to be here and uh I really hope that we also can manage to get
Sufficiency into these kind of policies uh that are made here and gradually into National countries particular European countries other more affluent countries you already saw the uh project partners for the fulfill project and uh here’s about our inforce Network that I come from but before instead of explaining this I’ll just
Like to say that all the slides will be online tomorrow so all the things you saw also from Lorenzo and others we will uh put on first the inforce website and I think also later and on the unfccc website and probably also we can get them on the fulfill website later but
Look at them tomorrow night because we not have them up yet and uh uh then I’m coming to my presentation because sufficiency policies are by and large missing in existing indices but we there’s been studies about what are the sufficiency policies in the 2019 indices
And the point is that uh uh as you know I mean the group who are here knows that the 2019 was the year of the updated indas for the year 20 uh 20 to uh 2025 and uh therefore they were going to be um they were going to set the
Overall um climate plans for EU um and that they are divided in 27 National energy and development plan and also some EU policies so what do we get into the EU policies not very much there’s some recycling Target and increase of the circularity of the EU economy in the EU circular economy and
Then there’s Aviation charts on the EU ETS credits making it more expensive to fly and now this comes up to 80 to 100 EUR per ton but the actual Airlines have so far got most of the credits for free free so they didn’t have to charge much
To the consumer so it’s a very small very two small small things and the of course secularity is not stupid and all depend on where how it’s implemented but then in each of the 27 countries they have to reduce emissions for transport buildings and agriculture with national policies that that can include
Sufficiency and several countes did that main are supporting motal shift and transport to public transport and bicycles and for instance reduction of food waste um I’ll come a little back to that later and then what is not mentioned in the actual NDC is that also there’s ecol
Laing uh directives that in certain case give better labels for instance for smaller fridges so instead of labeling per cubic meter or cubic L per liter of fridge you give uh a better higher label to a smaller fridge that actually consumes less because it’s smaller and not only because it has a higher
Efficiency per liter U but it’s not a strong measure I have to say um but since 2019 the EU countes have increased ambition uh then in 2019 it the ambition was to reduce 40% from 1990 to 2030 and now it’s 55% and the predicted reductions
Are so far 48% if you look at the Nass the EU effects and the national policies so now the countries have to step up reduction plans and uh to include more sufficiency in the National energy and climate plans can be a way forward to reach this gap which is coming up now
From what we actually are on our way to do and what we promise to do for the uh to the unfccc and for the global climate uh we C we started in this project Pro as I mentioned before we are analyzing five countries and we now
Started to look also at what are the sufficiency proposals if you look at uh Denmark here uh we had some overall thing like CO2 taxes and waste and in and packaging taxes which are uh General things which are both promoting renewable energy Energy Efficiency and sufficiency and the proposal from our is
To increase taxes but also to give compensation so you don’t so those who have the least are not really harmed by the taxes because they should be compensated with social compensation um then we have a what’s coming in the new we also in Denmark gradually we have Aviation tax included
But if that really should make people move from Aviation to other ways of Transport we need to use the revenues for instance for night trains and for other ways of having transport softer transport than flying there’s a metro in Copenhagen was mentioned in this NCS but uh it’s very expensive way of
Getting people into public transport light rails would be a much cheaper uh way of doing it and also faster uh and that’s why the funding for light wh could be bigger the support for bicycle pass is already there there but we analyzed the situation and found that
It has to be four times bigger if it really should make a change over the next seven years until 2030 to to bicycling uh because what’s now what’s given now is more or less just to compensate the investment done in roads which is promoting uh car
Transport and then uh we have another we have other things uh we have faster main train lines but we also need to have faster smaller Railways particular in the western less populated areas of Denmark um we have spal planning where we actually centers are not allowed to be centered like big shopping centers
Not allowed to be made where there’s not a good public transport but uh we can have much stronger spatel planning to make sure that in that everybody have their function Within Reach like the there’s a Paris there’s a famous 15 minute City idea that you should have all your daily
Needs within 15 minutes by bicycle uh there’s was back in the 2019 an agreement for modal shift which is not there anymore which we definitely think should be back um there’s been things included like direct gray use so recycling facilities have to make it able to use things directly instead
Of just using the materials and there’s some promotion of flexible electricity tariffs but there are a lot of thing more things Denmark could do like promoting co- housing and sharing of houses uh reducing holidays home with taxes and incre improve public transport and uh for instance having low meat
Diets in censes addressing the food issue also where public contains is really a public issue if you take the same thing for Germany I’m not going through all the countries I’m just taking two examples here uh where there’s already carbon taxes and heat transport electricity but it could be
Higher and there could be compensations uh actually Germany has an energy advice Services where you also include behavioral issues I mean how are the houses used not just advising of how to insulate it uh but um uh and there’s an energy saving campaign already uh there’s vat rebate for trains
But other countries there’s no vat for trains at all they’re expanding Railways and there’s a cheaper ticket uh train and bus tickets for local trains and buses uh there’s other things like it for car pooling I don’t know how efficient that is but it’s there expanding our bicycle passes is also
Good and could have larger budgets there’s something about tax-free commuting where you can get instead of getting your wage the employer can pay you ticket and then you don’t have to pay wage from uh tax from that and uh there’s a fund to help recycle wood
Which is now turned into a network for woods and materials recycling they have been information healthy food is now turned into strategy for promotion of healthy food and there was healthy food proposed in 2019 in censes we don’t didn’t find that in the new version we think it’s important to keep that
Focus H there was something about developed food price incentives but it was very weak what it actually meant but of course introdu some price incentives is a good idea for healthy food like more vegetarian food and avoid food waste is also still an issue and then right research and development so this
Is just example of what countries are doing and this is our first uh we have as Was Vicki mentioned before we’re going to make some more detailed study of that and we are going to also to have more quantitative this is just qualitative uh so we want to uh uh go
Into into that next step but we at the same time we are really trying because to get something out now and we’d also love to have dialogues with those of you interested that uh what are the actual sufficiency proposal we should propose for each country but at the moment the
EU commission is looking at these uh reports these drafts for climate plans from each country and giving their recommendations and then the countries have next spring to finalize so it’s just now we need to actually be active if you want to influence that uh another way of influencing is of course to have
This uh o guidelines from the global stock take that we discussing so much these days here uh at 28 and uh uh we working with the climate Action Network which had proposed that we should simply have beside this Energy Efficiency and renewable energy Target which we’ have been proposing also
Having a target of reducing energy consumption which has not made it into the draft so far on the other hand there is already a a par draft paragraph about uh sustainable Lifestyles and uh uh it’s actually good it is there uh but it’s uh it was there even from the Paris
Agreement is a little bit repeating what was already agreed in 2015 and uh we hope that we are trying to from the inforce side I mean this is what we’re doing in the enforce Network in on the policy level among other things that uh we should move it from
Being uh just the notice the importance of this transition to sustainable lifestyle and sustainable p consumption Productions U and encourage countries um for transition to sustainable Lifestyles but this encouragement actually need to be in the climate plans and the indcs uh and it has to be inclusion of
Policies for transitions because if you just ask people to be more sufficient our what we can see is that it’s not very efficient if you have policies that you actually have the bicycle passes or the economic incentives to have say smaller houses and healthier food then people are gradually following it if
There’s no policies and just we just ask each other oh we should be more sufficient yes it’s a good idea then we are not it doesn’t have a long-term effect so we need to get it into to get this message out that it need to be in the policies thank
You thank you very much and then uh I think I would like to ask if Sasha gabison has some comments from the wecf women engage for a common future I think so you here or here I let’s hope it works yes hello well thanks very much for these super inter interesting um
Presentations I started my career in The wera Institute so I’m very happy to see that you are working together um yeah and I think there is this very strong gender Dimension to uh sufficiency policies um we I I’ll give some examples of course at here in the conference we’re looking at um climate
Justice including gender justice um and we see that many of the uh incentives which have been given for example in the energy transition have of often had uh different impacts on men and women because of their gender roles for example in the Netherlands where I’m from we have been giving subsidies for
Electric cars which have a majority been going to um mail drivers benefiting from these cars just because we still do have traditional gender rules where women are more often responsible for the very complicated transport modality of bringing kids to school and to sports and then to work for themselves etc etc
Meaning that they have a much greater benefit from for example sufficiency policies that improve um uh the quality and the connections of public transport um and also the modalities between accessing um e bicycles and public transport and um bicycles which can carry lots of kits and and shopping and
Stuff like that so all these incentives which are more the sufficiency types of incentives um do have um also um a positive impact for women in particular um and that is interesting to analyze we are also part of some Horizon 20120 projects in our organization we are women engaged for
Common future where we have looked also at um energy poverty in Europe and as you said in your first presentation Professor we have um or was it your first present I think it was your presentation we have indeed um these groups um of uh what 12% I think of
People who are uh living very with very little energy but they’re deprived and so they living with energy poverty and the majority of that are also often women headed single households and we’re slowly getting statistics from that um and also there it’s interesting because we’ve been testing for example
Installation of small of smart meters to more easily allow also changes within the house households which can immediately reduce the cost of the energy bills um so knowing you know where is your energy on which of your appliances is more energy being used how can you reduce that energy consumption
Of your televisions or your fridge or whatever um these are measures which are easy and simple to install not expensive the municipalities can do it themselves you know you don’t have to make this like voluntary Act of the consumers but you can really also um have like a municipal uh program for
That um and there you also see these type of policies also immediately have a positive gender impact um and of course we would therefore also like to see here in the negotiations gender Dimensions being mentioned in for example the negotiation text on GST for example at the moment we don’t have any reference
In the mitigation part I believe to gender um so that would be really important to get that in so we have some proposals how to do that um of course I think what you mentioned um just now gunar about the text on the sustainable Lifestyles and that it needs to include
Policies because we cannot expect everybody to voluntarily take these measures they need to be the incentives especially if you are lowincome groups which are already um in deprivation so you need to have these tax benefits you need to have these reductions in vat we have an office in Germany also
And I must say it is really nice that they have this cheap ticket for all trains in all of the country which is9 for a month um which really allows lowincome groups to go and travel and go on holiday by train to the other part of the country um and these are measures
Which are really really positive and it and it’s getting people out of um their cars but it’s also helping people who already have very low incomes to maybe take the holiday they were not able to take before with their families um so I think we’re learning a lot from
That we also learn that these policies are not always popular when you are being elected so I the amazing work done by analo in Paris um might not help any any future political career but it has been incredible it has has been incredible I don’t know how how how many
Of you have been bicycling through Paris recently but the change from when I studied in Paris 30 years ago and what is Paris nowadays is just amazing and that thanks to a very committed female mayor mayor who really has made this her priority um so yeah I don’t I mean I
Just wanted to comment that these are all super important studies which you are doing and um that they of course link to our work here at the uh at the negotiations at the um and I think there is not much else I wanted to say so thank you thank you very
Much thank you very much very much and then if somebody has a question uh the floor is open Hello thank you for all this presentations um how so no up till now you focused on the uh citizens and policies how do you plan to integrate businesses in your
Work uh well I don’t know if there anybody from the online did you hear the question how repeat uh how to integrate businesses um yeah hello yeah maybe a short word yeah there’s an echo um a short word from uh from at least not not a European
Perspective but a French one um I mean we we we also need to uh discuss this on a European level of course but uh in in France where uh I mean sufficiency is maybe more explicitly on the agenda of uh a lot of players than in other countries for some historical reasons um
We we have started with neat to uh directly work with some uh um some um local communities and some uh some companies on what would mean to integrate um sufficiency and no later than two days ago I was participating in a working group with the set co-hosted
By the French Ministry of ecology with more than 30 companies of very different in different sectors different size and so on to discuss what could be a common standardized uh set of indicators to document sufficiency policies for uh for businesses so we uh we we I mean I think
We’re really in the beginning of that process but uh there’s a growing awareness that we need to change change business models we need to change them not only because uh I mean the uh I mean we we need uh as I think our presentation shown uh infrastructural changes we need policies and businesses
To to deliver on conditions for uh more uh sufficient Lifestyles and and individual behavior and uh but businesses also need to do that for for competitive and sustainability reason um they need to create value through uh uh sharing better sharing and preserving resources rather than destroying and
Predating them and U yeah again uh it’s uh it’s only beginning and there’s a lot of work to do but what I can say at least is that in France there’s some growing understanding of this issue and and work is starting uh thank Lorenzo do you also want to say
Something yeah um thanks for this question I think it’s very important um to to discuss of real world production also not only consumption uh two two points for example in the construction industry obviously there is lots to do um to make this transition to um sufficient and efficient buildings
Um and this can be helped by a social infrastructure two examples uh the standards that are the state-ofthe-art the technical standards are very costly now even if they are produced with public input um and they should be free because the we need to train uh to to support small
Uh companies or big companies to uh integrate those new ideas that are in the standards uh this should be available to everyone to Foster this new work uh new activity and new employment um and this would allow also to have a common European and international language which is in the standards but
It’s not used member states are using different technical languages terms Concepts there is a lot of confusion with which is not good for industry either um on on from the point of view of Mobility it’s uh similar we are having in Italy for example a big crisis about car
Manufacturing uh there is a lot of uh discussions going on on Unemployment uh coming more and more reduction of activity uh obviously one big work of Union trade unions and scientists and environmental organization is to redirect those uh work and activity economic activity to manufacture buses trams tax um Collective taxes that there
Is initiatives for densely not densely populated areas where you you have this um buses on demand which now with all our infrastru technological infrastructure and ICT we can easily and and there are companies delivering those Services there are companies in Spain producing and Portugal I think producing a large number of bicycles so
We we have an industry that has has a large history and can be uh refueled to uh deliver what we need lighter Vehicles there is a lot to do to develop lighter vehicles and to manufacture them so I think there is lots to do with industry and again if there is someone from
Industry here um I think there is a lot of interest from the side of University Research uh to to work u in that direction yeah we have a few we have a few more questions I don’t know do we have is there more questions or you’re
The because we don’t have so much time so just we take take two more two last questions thank you so much um so very interesting from a policy point of view I I mean the individual Behavior how to address how how to transform industry and and and businesses um the
Environmental effects very clear to me what I really lack is how this will affect the economy and the modeling of I mean in this transition some businesses will diminish in size or or you know go away completely some will move abroad to where there’s actually a need to not
That we’re not like if it’s single-use plastic so it’s not going all around the world but it’s multi-use product something like that but the economic modeling of which businesses will go down and which will grow and where in the world they’ll do that I really feel is necessary in order to push this
Agenda because right now I’m just seeing from a political point of view that um that each country is afraid of losing businesses and they’re afraid of losing jobs to other countries we saw the donut economy they’re they’re afraid of losing like the economic like activity in in
The in the countries and I think that if we want to change it we need to be able to model this and to show them to politicians yes thank you we’ll give a very short last comment thank you and I guess apologies because it’s more of a common and less
Of a question uh but I I I do think the the you know the bringing the gender balance into the conversation is great and thinking about the uh the political implications and why policy makers will be afraid to move in with this unpopular policies I think a big part could be
Just bringing also the con constituencies that they care about so bringing also the youth to do buying into this topics and you know you know even to bring youth to present this this topics so thank you yeah uh thank you very much I think that was the last comment because
Uh sorry yeah because we are ending now our time is actually over so I’d like to thank you all with the behalf of the organizers and uh we also to the online participants and also to you who spoke from online yeah bye thank you goodbye thank you thank you bye okay yeah sorry
Vicky