Explore the origins and impact of auto-injectors and satellite TV in this episode of Wicked Inventions. From military use and space exploration to daily medical needs and global live broadcasts, discover how these innovations have shaped our world and continue to play a vital role in our lives today.
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Wicked Inventions is a captivating TV series that dives deep into the intriguing histories behind everyday objects and groundbreaking technologies. Through a blend of expert interviews, meticulous research, and detailed reconstructions, the show unravels the often unexpected origins and inspirations of inventions. From the humble beginnings of common gadgets to the pioneering breakthroughs in advanced tech, Wicked Inventions offers a comprehensive exploration of mankind’s innovative spirit and the tales of ingenuity that shape our modern world.
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The race to win walls and explore the stars have created some of the most fantastic products ever designed and we use them every day unaware of their amazing Origins on Wicked inventions Auto injectors a life-saving solution originally developed to combat chemical warfare satellite TV how the military Space Race brought us live television
Hello developed for space but keeping us comfortable on Earth today we reveal the amazing science and manufacture Behind These Wicked inventions In the Heat of battle how can soldiers and civilians be treated fast and safely with potentially life-saving doses of drugs when there are no medically trained Personnel to hand how can astronauts 250 miles away from the nearest hospital treat themselves whilst orbiting the Earth the answer lies within the small pen
Shaped device the auto injector they save millions of lives every day all over the world and can be used by almost anyone the auto injector is a medical device designed to give one single dose of a particular drug or in some cases multiple drugs most of these injectors are relatively simple spring-loaded syringes
These magnificent devices serve a dual purpose they’re extremely simple to use and also overcome any hesitation associated with needle-based drug delivery devices the first time a self-injection device was developed was during the 1940s towards the end of the second World War these self-injectors allowed soldiers to self-administer drugs much more
Efficiently than had been previously possible however there are nowhere near as comfortable to use as the devices today Auto injectors are developed really to help the delivery of injectable drugs and and so traditionally these would have been delivered with a pre-filled syringe and which is very fiddly for the
User you can have a needle that’s difficult through military uniforms and obviously in a very stressed situation so this can be very difficult to deliver these drugs in the late 1950s these injectors were developed further as an alternative to exposed hypodermic needles the needle was covered for safety and
The injector therefore began resembling the pen-like auto-injected devices off today so these are very robust devices can stand being in a battle situation and then enable the drug to be very easily delivered either by the the patient themselves or by someone who’s with them in 1959 the US military requested the rodana research
Corporation to develop a new auto injection system to become an antidote for nerve agent poisoning a growing concern for the military that needed addressing it was such a useful and impactful invention that during the 1960s NASA requested Auto injectors to equip their medical kit in order for the astronauts to use them easily
From its Glass and Metal Origins to its plastic and safe reinvention the auto injectors have been hailed as one of the most important medical inventions of the 20th century their use now stretches far beyond the military to more day-to-day medical concerns such as treating extreme allergic reactions diabetes anemia and rheumatoid arthritis
Today shl a world leading developer and manufacturer of water injectors are a great example of how these Wicked inventions are produced so shl was founded in the early 90s and produced this first auto injector in 1995. over the years we have launched over 30 auto injector and pan injector devices commercially
With many more in our pipeline expect to launch within the next five years we currently output close to 60 million Auto injectors in a year the production of an auto injector begins in Sweden with research and development where a team of designers and Engineers work together to design an
Injector that balances efficiency ease of use and safety for the user this is then created in computer aided design or CAD software so most Auto injectors look like a very typical pen they have a cap they often have a button at the rear end for Activation and they contain within them
The glass syringe with a needle which contains the drug and they’re also usually some configuration of coil springs they are a mechanical design and then when the patient activates them the Springs then drive the syringe and the needle into the skin and then take care of the delivery of the formulation also
The devices need to take into account the patient and their needs so so we see many different varieties now in design of device to make better Solutions so the patients can easily use them once the 3D modeling has been completed and the form of the device is verified
The production process moves to taiwap injection molds are built here that correspond to the new devices shape for every part within the auto injector a different mold is required heavy High alloy steel is shaped using techniques such as CNC Machining grinding and Electrode Milling to bring the mold close to its final Dimension
These molds are heat treated to increase durability and then finished in processes such as cylindrical grinding and polishing that accurately create the 3D model shape to a thousandth of a millimeter after being assembled these new molds are then installed into an injection molding machine Here raw plastic pellets are fed into a preheated Barrel via Hopper where they are melted mixed and forced into the mold cavity here it then cools and harvested the shape size and configuration of this cavity the advantage of using injection molding to form the components of your injector is
That it is an extremely versatile process almost any shape of component can be created dependent upon the mold and in high volume too the newly molded plastic parts are then lifted from the molding machine by a robotic arm it is time to assemble the product the newly created plastic parts are sent
To the assembly workers along with metal Parts such as Springs the typical authentic can have anywhere from 10 to 20 plastic boards a key metal components such as Springs act as the main power source for the device mechanism where other metal ports help to align and secure the plastic parts
All workers must be gowned in order to ensure sterile working environment the relevant components are placed into the assembly machine a light signal then indicates the machine is ready to be activated at which point the assembly worker presses two buttons simultaneously and the Machine then automatically assembles the product
The next stage of the process is quality control operators collect test samples from the production line and bring them to the laboratory for testing and inspection these tests must be extremely thorough to ensure safety for the user and eliminate the risk of the injector failing once the mechanical elements of the auto
Injector have been assembled they are then sent on to Florida where the drug materials are added and assembly is completed an operator prepares the machine and loads a nest of syringes onto it he loads the front sub assemblies into the machine followed by the rear sub-assemblies the machine then inspects the needle
Shield of the syringes the injectors then go on to the final assembly and are ready for labeling packing and shipping the final product then emerges and the auto injector is complete the auto injector truly a wicked invention over 50 years ago the idea that a family could sit in front of their television
Sets and watch a live broadcast beamed over from the other side of the world was all but fantasy something dreamed of in science fiction books and films early television viewers would often have to wait for days if they wanted to watch footage from different continents as
Tapes had to be shipped across the ocean however this was all about to change with the launch of the world’s first artificial satellite in 1957. the Soviets puts the first ever satellite in an orbit around the Earth Sputnik as it was called it went around the earth a
Few times and basically didn’t do much more than bleep radio signals that could be detected done in earth does the Sputnik program really kind of made the rest of the world step up its space programs and try to get satellites and even humans in an orbit around the Earth
Sputnik wasn’t just a peaceful science experiment though it had huge military implications the launch of this satellite played a huge part in the cold war between the United States and the Soviet Union Sputnik became a symbol of Soviet military propaganda an example of their technological domination over the West
The US military were alarmed by this sudden new Potential Threat from space and the Space Race accelerated with both countries firing satellites into the skies from those kind of initial days of the space program and the satellite program came then very quickly commercial applications for satellites such as television and enthalifornia
Which were amongst the first applications for which satellites were used people realized that if you have a satellite what you can do is send a big strong wide bandwidth signal all the way up to the satellite and then distributed across a wide Arrow which is ideal for things like broadcasting without having
For example to create a cable network on the ground which is often much more complicated and expensive in July 1962 a small ball-shaped satellite was launched into the air built by the communications company a T and T its name was Telstar on the 23rd of the same month America
Canada and 16 countries across Europe were able to watch a live broadcast simultaneously for the first time and with this satellite television was born this technology realized its true potential in 1969 as Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon with the whole world watching thousands of miles away back home on Earth
In the 1970s broadcast companies began to capitalize on this potential and the excitement of satellite television and the number of broadcasts and dedicated channels soon began to increase so how does satellite television actually work there are five stages to how satellite TV is transmitted the programming Source the broadcast Center the satellite the
Satellite Dish and the television receiver programming sources are the supplies of the actual television content whether that is a live sports event film or program stored on a tape or hard drive the broadcast Center is the central Hub of the system at the broadcast Center the TV provider
Plays out recorded program content or receives signals from other programming sources and beams a broadcast signal to satellites above the Earth their satellites receive the signals from the broadcast Center and rebroadcast them to Earth the viewer’s dish captures the signal from the satellite and passes it on to the
Television receiver in the viewer’s house the television receiver processes the signal and passes it on to a standard TV sew the dish on the side of your house is an important part of the satellite TV chain but why is it round the Satellite Dish it’s looking at a
Specific point where the signal is coming from it’s usually parabolic kind of shaped form that concentrates the the radio or signal that comes in onto the receiver point which you typically can see in front of the dish and the dish is really all there about concentrating as
Much as possible of that signal to get as much of the signaleness and without too much noise into your receiver like with the early broadcast of the moon landings it is at Global events that satellite television truly comes into its own with its power to unify the planet and effectively shrink the world
Now that is truly a wicked invention Seen that satellites are needed to help transmit television signals around the world but why it is all to do with a big obstacle that gets in the way that we affectionately call the Earth our Intrepid tester is going to demonstrate how it all works and why the
Materials the Earth or rather a globe as the real thing is a little too large to fit in the studio cocktail sticks blue tack small mirrors and a laser the demonstration the npbc or North Pole Broadcasting Corporation is transmitting a program on polar bears to an eager viewer in South
Africa the problem like all television radio signals mpbc signal here represented by a laser are transmitted in a straight line and the receiver needs to be in its line of sight to be able to capture it trees and mountains can be a problem but the curvature of the earth represents
The biggest obstacle of all the solution use a satellite to effectively bounce the signal to the receiver with our small mirrors representing satellites how easy is it to get a signal to our polar bear Aficionado in Johannesburg to begin satellites are placed in a geostationary orbit of 22 236 miles
Above sea level which would put them about here as our laser did not have enough power to fire a signal that far we’ll place our satellites in a rather closer Orbit on some space age cocktail sticks most television signals will actually need a network of satellites to direct a
Signal around the globe and our miniature mirrors will work in the same way each mirror needs to be carefully angled to receive and reflect the signal which is quite a tricky procedure but after many hours of careful problematic placement our signal has been successfully transmitted our npbc signal originates at the North
Pole and is then passed on through the Skies of central Mongolia Libya Somalia the Mid-South Atlantic Ocean and finally our lucky viewer in Johannesburg gets to watch polar bears volcking in the Arctic tundra so Television Satellite networks simply explained well kind of The space race has given the world many revolutionary inventions products that have changed our lives for the better sometimes virgin on the miraculous memory foam is one such invention that has become the stuff of Legend a household favorite and an orthopedic Wonder memory foam was discovered or
Invented by Charles Yost at Nasa he was trying to develop a foam or a material that would help astronauts as they go in their command modules and they’d take on takeoff because a rocket is a big explosion generates lots of vibrations and they’re under quite high G pressures
And it would then make it more comfortable for astronauts to survive the rigors of space NASA scientists and researchers spent several months trying to figure out how to achieve what at the time seemed like the impossible it was developed by taking polyurethane and injecting it with air and this expanded
The polyurethane polyurethane you may know as a plastic and you can find it in hard wheels and so it seems a strange system to use but if you inject air into it becomes much more fluid it bounces back and it was originally known as slow spring back foam which literally
Described how it worked it would spring back quite slowly sometimes in the order of about a minute to spring back to its original shape it was a massive breakthrough and NASA used the technology to give astronauts a more comfortable ride through the intense vibrations and the massive g-forces
Involved in their space flights in the early 1980s NASA decided to release the technology for commercial use it was initially expensive and wasn’t without his problems when it came to using it in commercial applications the first generation worked quite well but it had problems because after about a couple
Years it broke down for people like NASA that’s not so much of a problem because they had a budget they could work with and they could replace it was only meant for short-term use but for longer term use in car seats airplane seats this became a problem and they also released
Quite a few volatile organic compounds which meant they smelled little they were potentially carcinogenic once the initial problems had been addressed memory foam started being used successfully in a variety of products memory foam today is used in a variety of situations I think Airline seats think beds most trained seats will
Probably have it nowadays and for car seats you can drive for longer without feeling that Peaks and pains for motorcycles or bicycle seats anything where a person sits on it pretty much will probably have memory foam nowadays it has also been used in the medical field for patients who need to be
Immobile for long periods of time in artificial limb interfaces and even to help reduce the symptoms of fibromyalgia a condition that renders the body super sensitive to external pressure the pressure that you have exerted on the mattress is exerted evenly back on you and so in medical situations this is
Great because bed sores or pressure points are alleviated in 2006 the problem of overheating was resolved with some very clever chemical signs the gel visco system the reason why gel works well in memory foam is that your body’s heat turns it from a sort of gel system
To more liquid doing this requires heat so that actually means it can sap away heat from your body and then transfer it throughout the memory foam and away from your body it’s a bit like certain materials are very good at doing this if you put your hand on wood
Doesn’t take feel very cold to be handled steel it’ll feel cold even though they’re both the same temperature because the steel is taking the heat away from you much more effectively so altering the memory foam with gel or other properties allows it to Wick away the heat ironically memory foam
Technology has even now come full circle and helps astronauts rehabilitate once they’ve come back to earth it’s also used by NASA to help astronauts after they return the put a four inch layer of memory foam on the floor it’s actually difficult to walk on because it’s unstable but that helps astronauts
Who’ve been in space they’re not used to gravity to regain their equilibrium in destabilizing property of the foam allows the doctors to work out what to do and helps the astronauts regain their ability to walk on earth again nowadays the most common use of the memory foam
Is still in mattresses this Space Age Technology may have been developed with astronaut safety in mind but now it gives millions of people a good night’s sleep around the globe making memory foam one of the most comfortable Wicked inventions gng are a memory foam products manufacturer based in Wakefield England
Gng is an expert in foam technology it manufactures mattresses for the retail sector as well as the medical sector memory foam is used in a variety of products and applications other parts of the business are the sports play and the sports foam it’s also been used for
Prosthetics where you need your body to mold to your artificial limb so it’s a multi-faceted business in foam technology the process starts with the lymphoma which comes in the form of a large block the foam block is placed on a large slicing machine ready for cutting down The foam is cut down into slices of varying thicknesses ready for assembly On a computer numerical control device also known as a CNC machine another foam block is cut into special customized shapes these layers will make the mattress more breathable and Aid cooling by adding ventilation we have spent a lot of time in research in working on the foam itself and working on the
Substrate where we cut in air channels we cut in pressure relieving channels minimizing the heat buildup and maximizing the pressure relief the layers are stacked ready for Mattress construction Foam side walls are glued to the mattress base using a special glue which is applied using a spray gun A structured core is inserted into the middle of the foam frame it is cut into special shapes to provide stability whilst also ventilating the mattress what a lot of people don’t probably appreciate a memory foam mattress isn’t made all of memory foam probably 50 maximum of the product is memory foam
Because what you do need is memory foam on the top surface of your mattress where it gives you the pressure relieving and the cradling effect but underneath that you do need a firmer foam otherwise you would just sink into the memory foam mattress like a big
Thick bowl of porridge the edges of the foam mattress core are now trimmed down to the correct specified size neatening off the Finish now the covers are applied to the mattress core at this stage the product goes through quality control check ensuring the quality and size meets the specified standards The mattress is then sent through a roll pack machine where the mattress is compressed rolled up tightly and sealed in a plastic package the mattress is then labeled and given a final quality control check before being packed in its Transit wrap ready for delivery memory foam has certainly
Helped us in everyday products sleeping on a memory foam mattress significantly improves your quality of sleep and as you know good quality sleep gives you a good quality of life you wake up feeling refreshed so that’s one of the biggest developments in memory foam soon there you have it the memory foam
Mattress originally invented for astronauts by NASA now providing a good night’s sleep to Millions So there you have it a dash through the hidden history super science and amazing manufacture of products that you use every day but have never realized their amazing background water injectors satellite TV and memory foam all Wicked inventions Here