International online Conference on : –
Plague Literature: Pandemic Writing and Covid-19 Fear – Third day
#Democratic_Arabic_Center based in Germany – Berlin, In collaboration with:-
The University of Benghazi – Libya
Hello de Dr hello everyone hello Ka how are you I’m good how are you good dear alhamdulillah alhamdulillah today’s the the keynote speech yes that was amazing you know it it’s a wonderful conference yeah yeah thank you I’m so proud of you and I’m so thrilled to be
Here thank you thank you for being with us and thank you for your insistent help my dear you’re welcome you’re very welcome the end so I guess uh we should start at 12:30 we don’t have so many participants here uh can we wait for uh another
Couple of minutes yes let’s do that we have Dr EML I can see her yes good afternoon and she said she has Del and she’s not attending so the first speaker is not is absent is absent okay um let’s see with other speakers if they are here
Fatimi and Sarah Sarah was here before but she’s not here anymore we have Fatima Missi the third presentation and Sarah hry the fourth one so the first one you said she would not be able to join us yeah yes we’re going to start with with
Dr okay so can can we just wait for another five minutes and then we get started yeah sure let’s do that okay thank you so much for the waiting I think they are still having their lunch because um yes I think so yeah but alhamdulillah and I was really worried
About time management but alhamd no it was perfect it was perect it wasn’t we didn’t do a lot of we were not so much late it’s on time yeah okay let’s wait yes so do I have the floor Dr benj perfect H well just wait can we
Just wait for for five minutes so other participants may join us and other attendees as well yeah sure sure leave your screen Shar I’m Shing my screen are the slides every we can see it we can see it will you move them so that we see if
They we if they move you know yes great yes great perfect thank you so just let me know when I okay I will let you know don’t worry okay thank you how are you ml fine what about to you good dear good to have you missing you me too thank you so
Much for having granted us opportunity to take part in such a promising International academic Gathering you prove to be the best my dear oh you’re so sweet my dear thank you so much thank you I’m sorry something together in the future yeah but yes we will do that in
The future Nia Dr Emil is from the University of bues in alges when we were nice to meet you happy to meet nice to meet you everyone happy to be among you today so I’m presenting with my colleague from V University Dr Kima good yes thank you
H I guess we should just start okay okay yes so again good afternoon everyone happy to be among you today I’m Dr from boom University can I interrupt you sorry to interrupt just to uh say a few words to welcome uh people here and then I will
Give you the floor don’t worry okay I and thank you for the waiting again so hello everyone welcome to the fourth plenary session um the session moderator Dr Naj lecturer at the University of GMA Algeria so yesterday the keyo speakers talked about the advantages and the disadvantages of pandemics doubtless
Coid 19 has been such a horrific experience to many but I can say that one of its advantages is to be able to go to conference in a virtual capacity while we still can do our jobs and daily tasks as normal and this online conference has offered more than this
It’s an opportunity to meet with wonderful people from all over the world sharing with us their insightful thoughts well I learned immensely from yesterday and today’s discussion I certainly would learn more in this afternoon session I’m very pleased and honored to be invited to chair and preside over this plenary session which
Which is comprised of four presentation uh presentations in this morning we heard about apocalyptic fiction and in this afternoon session we are focusing more on apocalyptic writing with its different manifestations such as pandemics uh like uh Michael Lewis The premonition Alber kamu the plague natural disasters such as
Tar in his novel zel so in this panel we have also an interesting study about the psychological impact of coid 19 on Algerian health workers before we start I would like to remind the speakers that you have 10 minutes for each for your talk and then 10 minutes for your questions please try
Not to go over the allocated time and I will interrupt you about a minute before the talk finishes so we can have time for the Q&A session so our first speaker in this session is Dr Amal kin thank you uh Dr Kine for uh your uh participation and uh thank you for the
Waiting as well so the floor is yours you can start your present colle thank you so uh I’m presenting on the topic of the modern apocalyptic Algerian novel of Arabic expression the case of water actually this talk aims at debunking the apocalyptic Andes of the panic vocabulary and imagery deployed by
The algina Abu tarar in his 1974 novel as it focuses on what’s use of quranic eschatology in the formation of Algerian nationalist rhetoric to blur the barrier between religious and secular standards of discourse drawing on theories of hybridity and apocalyptic narratives this talk investigates zil’s critical engagement with Arabic and islamist
Discourses in postrevolutionary Algerian politics focusing on the novel’s hybrid draw purposeful manipulation of time and narrative space and inclusion of diverse registers of Arabic language indeed the zel destabilizes a variety of authoritative narratives about Algerian national identity language and literature by mobilizing apocalyptic concepts of struggle death and sacrifice utar Blends the quranic
Symbolic images of the apocalyptic end of life such as references to aborted fites and abandoned infants with a distinctly critique of the post Colonial alerian gender Society the novelist assed exploitation of the quranic apocalyptic discourse throughout the novel Prov successful in transforming the Quran into a living narrative discourse so what is
Eschatology in its broader theological sense eschatology denotes an apocalyptic End of Time history or Humanity Islamic eschatology encompasses a complete reordering of the world through the fer major and minor signs of the Apocalypse the day of Resurrection y as well as the final judgment however Islamic theologians offer a diverse range of exegetical
Interpretations of Islamic eschatology while many emphasize the literal end of the world some Sufi theologians interpret Es catology as a metaphysical end to reality and unification with the Divine as then integrates Islamic eschatology into both its thematic content as well as its narrative structure the novel is repl with
References to Islamic figures events and symbols in addition to its strategic incorporation of quranic suras and hadits the primary concepts of es catology namely the End of Time resurrection and states of LMU here translate into an aesthetic lexicon that attends historical time constructing narrative time and space and new in the
Pages of the novel The analysis of zel’s es catological motives and structure expends on mik Bon’s delineation of the eschatological chronotope in his essay forms of time and of the chronotope in the novel notes towards the historical Poetics Bon defines chronotopes as structuring principles for narrative time that demonstrate the intrinsic
Connectedness of temporal and spal relationships that are artistically expressed in lit this es catological chronotype manipulates representations of mythological historical or religious events in order to enact historical inversions it transforms present and past events through their literary insertion into avoided future time space the future is emptied out the future is
Perceived as the end of everything that exists as the end of all being in its past and present forms it’s pathology always sees the segment of a future separating the present from the end as lacking value this separating segment of time loses its significance and interest it’s mely and unnecessary continuation
Of an indefinitely prolonged present in the eschatological tradition the apocalypsis often interpreted as a linear trajectory towards an inevitable end of humanity exist existence or the world apocalyptic rhetoric in zelzel however does not simply expose a totalizing end in itself rather than ordering history as a series of colonial raptures the Noel eschatological
Structor transforms the present into a suspended state of distraction chaos and Trauma bound to an emptied future in so doing it looks to free the present and by extension the future from the ideological projections into which it has been conscripted by rewen the symbols and mythology of Islamic es catology this
Talk argues that zel stages a political aesthetic and historiographic intervention into the very foundations of Algerian nationalist discourse through zis catological framework w and set as the post Colonial model of historical time rather than reading alerian National History as the to a violent 130e French occupation bookended in the pre and post Colonial
Utar demonstrates the mutual implication and structural affinities of these historical moments the novel therefore res signifies the apocalyptic concept of the end to illustrate the and nobility of theologically staged historical narratives a car of the religious Elite who prospered under French imperialism bull arw the protagonist off in zel
Employs the Surah alh which Wars of the major signs of the Apocalypse to critique algeria’s postrevolutionary socialist regime what seamlessly integrates the Surah into monologue even removing the quranic Ving he further shifts its tone by excluding the cautionary warning that opens the Surah with one day you will see and this is the
Verse So indeed removes the Surah from its moral context of spiritual accountability and inserts it instead within a material economy of conception and greed he further infuses the suras symbolic representation of the apocalyptic end of life invoked through its references to aborted fetuses and abandoned infants with a marketly gendered critique of Algerian Society
Such subtle manipulations of cyanic texts are performed throughout the novel and contribute to ‘s attempt to turn the Quran into a Liv literary discourse while the novel’s hybrid structor plays an important role as ex there use of different registers of Arabic likewise challenges the institutionalization of arabism and islamism as discursive orthodoxies that
Exclude other possible alterations of alerian national identity bu AR’s thoughts and speech are almost exclusively delivered in quranic and classical Arabic standing in marked contrast to the mes that drill out his quranic recitations with their discussions of poverty corruption and globalization their dialogue is rendered in a modified Modern Standard Arabic
That is infused with the RM Cadence and infection of colloquial Algerian Arabic this distances indeed AR tanic Arabic from the everyday left SES of the aleran social body a distance the novel compels its readers to mediate in so doing a zel presents a heteroglossic rather than binary model
Of Arabic that encompasses a wide array of registers of speech furthermore will self-interested use of the Quran and Hadith to justify his abusive relationships with women and expand his landh Holdings demon atates the ability of religious discourse to be manipulated ‘s novel then lays out these contradictions most explicitly in bu AR simultaneous
Externalization and internalization of the quranic vision of the end of times in conclusion Asel explores the complex cultural and political histories of islamism and AR ISM in Algeria specifically it is through the novel’s engagement with quranic eschatology that signifies the genealogies of these Traditions positioning them within a
More expensive view of alerian national identity thank you very much for having given me the time and for your attention dear colleagues thank you very much Dr for this eye opening study it was it was really a very interesting uh presentation and uh I ask i’ would like
To ask the attendees and other participants to uh share comments if they have any questions uh uh concerning this presentation do not hesitate as well to use the raised hand emoji if you want to uh add something or ask a question as well so um I think other speakers of
This session are absent and they will not be able to join us sir uh that’s why we will invite Dr Nel Shi uh From University I apologize for Interruption but Sarah is here oh okay good yes so Sarah could you please up yes dear can you hear me yes we can hear you so the floor is yours you can start your presentation thank you so much so are you sharing your slides with
Do yes I really yes I really okay yes I don’t know why uh it doesn’t share yes we cannot see did you did you send your presentation to the technicians they can help you share it if you want but did you send it s Miss Henry are you here yes yes
Here I’m here but yes did you send your presentation to one of our technicians yes I will just could you please uh send it to them okay I Will I think Dr if you want to go to the other presenter so that we give time start good yes yes Sarah don’t worry take your time send it to me you can send it via Facebook okay okay I will I’ll help you share it but you’ll go
After the the the presenter Dr is is uh yes Dr shushan Selma are you here Dr Selma shushan do you hear me Dr shushan are you ready to present your paper H can I present the Via paper you mean you want to read from from the paper okay fine no problem you
Can read from the paper yes you just go slowly so that we can follow with you okay so uh good evening everybody first of all I would like to pass a special thanks to the organizing committee for the huge efforts they have invested in this international events so I I Amara PhD student
At univiversity uh so um my presentation is entitled uh the theme of imprisonment and isolation in C’s novel The Plague uh so the aim of my study is to highlight the importance of pandemic literature in spreading Consciousness and awareness from generation to generation through the important themes it
Tackles uh so the outline of my uh presentation is uh an in introduction then what is meant by pandemic then here I’m going to through an overview of pandemic and pandemic literature and of course the novel of Albert camo the plague and the theme of isolation and
Imprisonment incom the plague and I will conclude with uh a short conclusion uh so as an introduction um yes I will start with a quote everything has stopped it was like the end of the word to me it was uh it was like seeing the sacred flame die down on some T sacred
Alure so here based on a pessimistic Vision about the inevitable death of mankind and the end of the word pandemic literature be it written or visual plays an important role in representing the horrors of critical Ms rendered by serious disease now here I’m going to uh uh the
Title of what is meant by pandemic first of all an epidemic occuring worldwide or over an extensive area Crossing um uh Crossing uh a large number of people so an EP an epidemic refers mainly to the outbreak of a serious disease causing psychological social and economic and economic uh
Crisis pandemic overview so throughout history pandemic seems to appear yet with different names Black Death uh and then the plague and later on reappeared with coid 19 so starting by black death which struck the core of Europe and lasted for three years it was really the most devastating pandemic in human
History and this natural catastrophe in fact uh caused two million death this pandemic reemerged once again in England this time as the Great Plague where it killed around 1 million people people recently this pestilence named as Corona virus appeared and spread all over the world this time it took off more than
One Million Lives thanks to the to literature all these events are recorded and written down in an outstanding masterpieces that is why pandemic and literature are uh inter twied entities for the reason that pandemic is a humanitarian crisis which is chronicled in history books and literary works now we move to pandemic literature
So pandemic literature uh is a kind of are you hearing me hello yes yes we do yes we are we do hear you yeah thank you pandemic literature is a kind of liter work which is devoted to portray life during epidemics as well as the hard times people go through besides
That pandemic literature serves as a canellation for both readers and writers through sharing human concerns besides his depiction of the uh sorry human concerns yes uh pandemic literature is is also known as narrative The Narrative of suffering because it depicts for us human experiences and explores the real meaning of painful situations through
Reading reflection and storytelling so pandemic uh literature has always proved to be a merror which reflects societies infect infected with plagues and epidemics now I move to the uh next um title which is the importance of pandemic literature why pandemic literature is of great importance for us
Uh as readers and writers at the same time it provides us with full awareness about the pestilence and how or what to do in such cases towards uh uh from our experiences offered by our ancestors so through sharing our stories people are going through uh people here going to
Learn how to to avoid inflection this literature in fact end endorses a sense of collectiveness over in individuality it ensured the or ensures the necessity of working together to fight such disease for instance in C in Albert Kam’s characters in the novel of plague uh here we learn to be or the characters
Learn to be as one hand in order to get rid of this pestilence uh so in addition besides this uh pandemic literature spreads help over helpless societies with the help of rbert and Ru kotar Kar in the novel of the plague succeeds to overcome his suicide thoughts so now here I’m going
To talk a little bit about the K novel about the plague it is a novel written in 1947 by Albert CI it revolves around a serious pandemic hits the Algerian town uh Orin and this novel captures the state of instability and fear among Iranian people through this novel Camu
Years’s illness and the challenges its survivors go through in addition the writer gives his readers different choices of life whether to find uh to fight and survive like Grand character or to give up and lose the fight like Kar and besides his depiction of the plague illness Kami deals also with
Different themes such as Exile separation and the like to provide the reader with the exact feelings of helplessness and fear now I’m going to uh share more light on the a little bit about the theme of imprisonment and isolation in Kami the novel of the plague so during the outbreak of the
Plague the authorities announced a state of emergency and ordered for a total quarantine because the in infected cases reach its spe the time of pandemic then seems like a prison or Exile like came I quote time of epidemic was above all a time of EX exile for the reason that it
Prevents people from contacting each other so the lose of normality and freedom hands strongly and negatively affect the psyche of Iranian people and kill uh every hope and of living a beautiful yet happy life so they even become more sure about the fact that
There will be no future and uh as uh C says the plague is always with us our lives can end at any moment so IR raining people put an end towards thinking about the future and they prepare themselves for the worst because all they see is only death so what
Seemed normal yesterday became the pleasure of today accordingly this imprisonment is regarded as psychological stressful experience because it leads to isolation separation and certainty about the future and the recovery from such disease it is a curse in itself through the novel Cami brightly succeeds to depict the themes of I Exile
Isolation and imprisonment so here I will uh as a conclusion I will say or I would say that although it is known as The Narrative of suffering pandemic literature becomes the canellation for every shattered heart so thank you for your attention thank you Miss hry for this
Insightful study and I apologize for the inconvenience I’m so sorry that you were not able to share your slides with us now we move on to our next speaker I hope she will respond to us Dr shiel if you are here if you can hear me do please speak up
Yes is is she still here can we see her name what’s her namei oh no um she’s not here I think she has some technical problems I hope she will be able to resolve them before the end of this conference okay she’s not able to join us so I
Think we we won’t waste uh time we can move on to the two remaining presentations in this wonderful conference my presentation and H’s one as well well I guess I will start uh my presentation so do please bear with me while I get uh the chance to share my slides with
You yes uh do you see the slides can you see it yes good is it full screen yes good okay so the title of my presentation is chimi half of a yellow sun ustan novel introduction Utopia Utopia is the idealized imaginary society which embodies an a native World different
From the Liv social sociopolitical condition the ethopian vision has often been a significant vehicle for oppressed people to defy and resist oppressive societies because postc Colonial studies seek to better the reality of socially economically and politically disadvantaged groups utopianism has found a home in colonized and newly independent nations however uh well
Utopianism uh has marked be because it carries hope for the oppressed people it has Mark the decolonization discourse however um the aspirations of many uh oppressed people have moved into despair when they witnessed uh uh the Nations uh sunk into chaos plagued by ins multiple problems well this quote by
Bill Ashcraft here uh describes the shift from this hope and aspiration and utopianism to despair the pre-independence Utopias of uh of soon to be liberated postcolonial Nations provided a very clear Focus for anti-colonial activism in British uh and other colonies but this appeared to come
To an abrupt halt when Once the goal of that activism was riched and the somber realities of post-independence political life began to be felt well as a result uh this disappointment has become a recurrent theme in African literature especially in the writings of prominent writers such asugi wongo ARA and Ben okri and
Others who exposed the evils that threaten the postcolonial nation such as corruption and mismanagement however this mood has changed with the younger generation like the writing of chiman and guzi adichi who according uh uh well according to Bill Ashcroft post Independence despair has been given away to broader constructions of Hope the
Fictions becomes an amalgamation between hope and despair and in this paper uh I will try to explore uh this combination of Hope and despair in Chim half of yan I will explore what um uh the the Canadian writer Margaret Atwood calls uh ustan writing so I think
That half of yellow sun is is a a perfect ustan novel because there is this amalgamation between hope and despair so here is a picture of Chima mandang guzi adichi the Nigerian writer and her novel our case study half of a yellow sun published in n in 2006 and
Chronicles the bloody Nigerian civil war which lasted from 1967 to uh 1970 hope versus despair in half of the yellow sun so um the novel Op with uh novel opens before the Nigerian civil war shortly after the independence of Nigeria from Britain it pictures the celebration of
Nigerians who dream of a better future Nigerians like ODU a character in the novel a senior lecturer at the University of inuka Southeast Nigeria who debunks the idea that Nigeria was not ready for an indigenous University he raised his voice in response his voice Rose higher and higher as he
Argued about inuka being free of colonial uh dominance so here character in the novel just like other Nigerians dreams of a new nation that’s free devoid of any Colonial traces so U and other characters in the novel like algerians in the reality also entertain the idea of unity between all
Africans however this dream of unity has been shattered once the first flame of the Civil War has been ignited because of ethnic and political polarization we have a very good quote that describes this situation General Madu another character in the novel remarks the problem was the ethnic balance policy it was polarizing the
Army as they should stop promoting Northerners who were not qualified so we see that ethnic polarization and political polarizations have fueled the hostility between Nigerians and has and have divided Nigeria or Nigerians between us and Them so and led this political and ethnic polarization has led to the
Bloody Civil War so the the images of this bloody Civil War renders our novel our case study the an African dupian novel par Excellence on the similarity between the Western dupian novel and the African dupian novel kith Booker argues like like 19 1984 for example African distopian fictions also often draw
Important energies from the global politics of the Cold War this means that the African dystopian novel like the Western dystopian novel uh either uh promotes or uh denounces uh capitalism uh or socialism so uh and half of a Yellow Sun by a dit just follows suit uh
As we see in this quote a character is promoting defending socialism and said socialism could very well work in Nigeria if done right I think it’s really about economic Justice isn’t it so adichi just like other African writers also denounces uh neocolonialism and imperialism and we
Can see this in this following quote why is he coming to tell us how to put out a fire when it is he and his fellow British who collected the firewood for it in the first place but adichi knows exactly that we cannot only blame uh Western uh colonizer for this she also
Blames her own people for uh igniting the flame of the Civil War and a character said they may have collected the firewood but will it the match so as I have already mentioned ethnic political polarization uh was behind this bloody Civil War but also uh we have uh Corrupt
Practices that led to the hostility and the rift between Nigerians so corruption and national g corruption has certainly left Africa as one of the most deprived regions in the world as many African novels corruption is strongly condemned in half of a yellow sun it is this corrupt practice that fueled hostility between Nigerians
And L them to into war on the relationship between corruption and the Civil War K sister two characters in the novel she denies the fact that the Civil War is a cause a according to her it is I quote the cause of benign extortion so here corruption in half of a yellow sun
Has become a national game just to borrow uh the expression of a ara in his novel the beautiful ones are are not yet born so corruption according to him a national game it’s played by everyone and uh just like in half of the yellow Son by businessmen by ministers and even
Priests so the quash your core the plague of hanger being in charge of Distributing charity food in ol Camp father Mel who is a priest uses his position to violate the bodies of hungry young girls young girl named Runa belly began to grow and K was not sure if it
Was quash or pregnancy well in this scene and others there’s a clear analogy between the hunger of powerful men and children’s hunger the hunger of Nigerian children is so irresistible just the hanger of corrupt Nigerians hanger is the plague greed one of the major dystopian elements of the
Novel and which can be defined as hanger for power and for possession is not the only type of hunger that the novel represents another major dist Ean element in the novel is starvation literal hanger literal hanger and metaphorical hanger intertwine in the novel and they are both depicted as plagues that turn Nigerians
Apart so here is a picture of Nigerian children who are suffering from what is called the quaser the plague of hunger well the Nigerian civil war is a war of starvation while because uh the blockade uh during the Civil War was the Nigerian government’s tactic to force
Bafra or South uh Nigeria to surrender a tactic that unfortunately inites has inited a plague so ugu a narrator of the novel and also a character in this quote is describing the symptoms of kashur or the plague of hunger he said he remembered how the child’s belly had lately started
To look as if he had swallowed a fat ball how his hair had fallen out in t how his skin had lightened from the color of mugani to a sickly yellow the other children has had teased him often once ugu wanted to ask them to stop so
He can explain what quer was perhaps he could read out to them how he described the quash Cur on his writing sheet but he decided not to there was no need to prepare them for what he was sure they would all get anyway so kashur which is a severe
Protein malnutrition plagues Nigeria the painful images of Nigerian children dying from Hunger accentuate the cruelty of the Civil War and the inhumanity of men the plague becomes a metaphor of corruption hope in the dystopian novel so as I have already mentioned in the introduction this is according to me a
Ustan novel where hope and despair correlate so it is also a characteristic that distinguishes the African dystopian novel from some Western uh dystopian novels according to Booker the African dystopian novel departs from the Western one in the fact that it suggests a utopian element of Hope for the future
So usually the African dystopian novel uh ends on a hopeful note so this hope is derived according to Booker from a positive collective experience so I will read meanwhile they also the African dystopian novel also tend to avoid the individualistic horror of collective experience that informs 1984 George Orwell novel and most other
Western dystopian fiction so here this means that the collective ties the communal ties or the family ties are not seen as a handicap as a barrier toward uh the the the Fulfillment uh of the the the individual character but it is always a source of uh inspiration and
Support half of a yellow sun is a ustan novel so as I said the African dupian novel ends on a hopeful note and here we can see this in these two quotes So the the bond the strong bond between anana and her sister is empowering and
Soothing it was mostly K and Anana who talked as though they created their own world the master and Mr Richard could never quite enter so here this bond is enabling these two characters two female characters to create their own world to escape the horror of uh the Civil War so
The novel ends with uh this an’s moment of solid hope when she was certain that can would come back so uh although Anana has lost her sister can has disappeared uh at the end of the novel and uh in a mysterious way but Anana at the end still cherishes the hope of
Meeting with her sister uh one day so as a conclusion I will say that uh my novel my case study half of a yellow sun is a perfect yian novel because as I have already said hope and Desair correlate in this novel and I will end this uh presentation with a
Quote by the Canadian writer Margaret ATU defining what yopan writing is estopia is a world I made up by combining Utopia and dystopia the imagin perfect society and its opposite because in my view each contains a lat version of the other in addition to being almost
Always a mapped location yupia is also a state of mind as is every place in literature of whatever kind uh so that was my presentation thank you so much for uh listening uh for your patience and um if you have any question uh I’m here to answer all your questions
Uh I think um now we still have just one presentation uh Dr Benjamin’s presentation we have another one dear Dr b um that was sent byed are you ready um it was sent by by let me remember the names yes by someone from session five Mr from session five yes Mr ABD I
Think the one Mr from the University of right AED okay just give me a second maybe I need to download the the video first okay yes they sent us their video I I can start with my then should I start my presentation yes let’s not waste time
You can start how long okay thank you very much thank you for your interesting presentation dear Dr B thank you for giving me time to present um let me share my screen good afternoon everyone again um I hope you’re doing well and you’re not very tired and I believe you see you’re you
Are looking at my first slide right yes we are we can see it great so my presentation today is entitled un unveiling the apocalypse Lawrence writes the end of October as a parad paradigm of plague literature and societal dystopia I am Dr benj from the University of 8 of May 1945 GMA
Algeria well um this is the novel The recent novel um my outline the presentation is divided into um two main well a number of main parts but two uh main parts that are related to the over to the objected our overview of the end of the novel and the synopsis
The Narrative structure and thematic elements so today I’m focusing on I’m going to focus on the narrative structure and um the Thematic elements in the novel um to start with the introduction I would love to say that PL literature holds significant importance of this Jun that explores the profound
Impact of pandemics and plagues on societies and individuals it serves as a medium through which authors can reflect on the fragility of human civilization the ethical challenges faced by scientists and policy makers and the resilience of individuals in times of Crisis like L to allows readers to Grapple with themes of fear mortality
Societal breakdown and the human response to catastrophic events by delving into the depth of these narratives readers gain a deeper understanding of the complexities of human nature and the vulnerabilities inherent in our modern world moreover plague literature serves as a historical record capturing the collective memory and lessons learned
From past pandemics ultimately informing our present and future approaches to Public Health and societal resistance so hence the objectives of This research I try to summarize them in three main points my paper analyzes Lawrence wri’s novel the end of October within the real of plague literature by investigating
The author’s exploration of The Human Condition in the face of a medical catastrophe and it also focuses on narrative structure and thematic elements and it finally explores the interplay between scientific inquiry societal breakdown and human response to crisis for the overview of the end of
The of October to have an idea on what the top what what the novel talks about Lawrence writes the end of October of 2020 can be considered a paradigm within the realm of plague literature the novels this is because the novel offers a gripping portrayal of global pandemic
Of a global pandemic and its far-reaching consequences on society the story follows Dr Henry Parsons a virologist who is sent on a mission to investigate a mysterious virus outbreak in Indonesia as the virus quickly spreads and re and reaps Havoc across the world Henry finds himself at the Forefront of
Scientific inquiry raising against time to understand and contain the deadly pathog along the way he encounters a range of characters from fellow scientists to government officials each grappling with the escalating crisis in their own way a society scles and Chaos issues Henry must navigate the ethical dilemas of Public Health and make
Difficult decisions that will shape the fate of humanity blending scientific realism and with intense suspense suspense the end of October presents a thought-provoking exploration of a global pandemic and its profound impact on indid on individuals and Society for the narrative structure of the novel it plays a crucial role in shaping the
Storytelling of the end of October it it utilizes flashbacks and shift in timelines to weave a complex narrative the spans different moments in time this structure adds depth and complexity to the story allowing the reader to piece together the events leading up to the pandemic and its aftermath the use of
Multiple perspectives further enrich is the storytelling providing diverse insights into the unfolding crisis by presenting the by presenting the perspectives of various characters including scientists government officials and ordinary individuals the read agains a comprehensive understanding of the pandemic’s impact on different aspects of society this narrative structure enhances the
Reader’s comprehension of the pandemic’s progression by revealing the inter connectedness of events unveiling the underlining causes and providing a broader context for the characters actions and decisions for the Thematic elements I I try for for time and straight of the presentation I try to summarize the
Three three points of of U I try to summarize them into three main points societal breakdown scienic cic inquiry and human response to crisis for the societal breakdown the novel vividly portrays the collapse of societal structures in the face of the pandemic one example is seen in the breakdown of
Law and Order as panic and case grip communities worldwide as the virus spreads people become desperate for resources in survival leading to looting violence and the breakdown of social norms the fragility of modern civilization is exposed as institutions and systems designed to maintain order and stability crumble in the face of the
Unprecedent unprecedented crisis as and I illustrate with this quote from the novel that says under the assault of congol and this is the name of the virus in the novel governments everywhere were dying it wasn’t surprising when vulnerable governments fell initially in Lebanon Iraq and Afghanistan one after
Another Anarchy tracking the course of contagion killing the strongest and pushing the weak aside when Italy and Greece both collapsed on the same day June 13th the fragility of Western Society revealed itself civilization was like the polarized caps thinned out by Decades of global wom and it was melting away France was
Next scientific for scientific ific inquiry the novel also delves into the world of scientific investigation during a pandemic it depicts The Race Against Time to understand and combat the virus scientists like Dr Henry Parson the protagonist of the novel tirelessly work to unravel the mysteries of the pathog
Studying Its Behavior and searching for a cure ethical dilemas emerg as they navigate the pressures of urgency and the potential consequences of their decisions for human response to crisis and this is something uh beautiful and promising even though we are in in a in a serious matter in a time of Crisis and
Fear we’ll see how humans come can come together in such times so human response to crisis despite the the the difference between their reactions so the end of October offers a compelling exploration of how characters respond to to the unfolding medical catastrophe individuals and communities react different to fear and uncertainty
Showcast showcasing a range of responses from denial and resignation to courage uh to courage and resilience the novel explores the depth of human adaptability and the L people go to protect themselves and their loved ones it also examines how crisis shapes human relationships relationships as characters for unexpected alliances or
Experience strained connections under the weight of the pandemic and I um and I conclude with I wanted to conclude with another quote from the novel that goes like no one had no one who hadn’t experienced it would understand how quickly the order of society unraveled
How how vulnerable we are how we all how we all depend on each other the flu is highly contagious but fear is even more so this quote in in incap encapsulates the societal breakdown the fragility of civilization and the human response to crisis that are present in the novel it
Emphasizes the rapid and rving of societal order and the recognition of our interconnectedness during the pandemic additionally it highlights the role of fear in shaping individual and Collective Behavior underscoring the profound impact of emotions in times of Crisis that was all thank you very much for listening your
Attention thank you Dr benjam for this interesting presentation um it was really interesting uh so I think um we have have uh one more presentation do we have a presentation so I will give the floor to Imad Imad are you here yes I have already shared the screen if everyone
Can see me yes we can see it um sorry for the quality but I think this is uh the way it was sent to me uh but I can play it uh right on student everyone my name isi I am a PhD uh student in comparative at the University
Of I’m going to speak about exploring postco digits and I generating tax I’m going to be thinking about the role of AI to in relation to and the kind of impact that it had that it has had so far and the postco reality and te that uh that have been uh the co
19 I’m going to be speaking about the change in landscape of Legend as well as the RO of I in just speak about phip tech was a Visionary right spoke about many many years ago many decades ago in fact about a spoke about the intervention of technology in the
Personal life with human beings and I’m going to speak about AI generated liter text as a new fronti here and a new general has always been ation in society captured our hopes and dreams with the rise of AI we now have the opportunity to pach the branches of what is possible
In s telling and create works that were on imagin but with this new technology comes to the challenges and ethical considerations that we must address as a society the co 19 pmic has had a profound impact on all aspects of Our Lives including the world of digital
People around the globe have been forced to stay at home and social interactions many writers have known themselves with more time and space to create this had this has led to a surging post literature that captures the unique experiences and emotions of this of of that in history from memories to distan
Novels postco literature reflects the fears hopes and antism our time some writers have even turned to science fiction to explore the implications of the pandemic of society and Technology such as Philip dick who wrote many many years ago about the uh about the reality of the reality of
Technology to control of our uh of Our Lives uh the coid 19 pandemic has brought about systemic shift in the J World with people confined to their homes reading has become a popular part for many however the pandemic has also CA significant changes in reader presences readers are now seeking out
Hooks that offer comt inspiration and hopes in these certain times till this till this very even though people today live isolated in a sense because of Technology because of social media and so they need this kind of dig comp off company and kind of escape from the virtual reality and reality itself
Journ such journ such as disob fiction have given way to more uplifting things publishing Trends have also shifted in response to pandemic many Publishers have had to adapt to change their market conditions by focusing on digital contribution chanels this has led to an increase in a br sales and a decline in
Bra sales theend pmic has also created opportunities for self-published auths who can now reach a wider audience through online platforms even today using AI we can it has been demonstrated that AI can generate text and some literary text have been written but not yet published in the past it was a
Question whether AI can pained whether it can produce something was ask something that has to do with the emotions it has to do with capturing and living the momentum so AI has a has a very very shocking say advancement so far the role of II in legit artificial
Intelligence has been making waves in the world of legit with II generated leg Works gaining traction my readers and wres like these works are created by feeding large amounts of data into algorithms that generate taxs based on patterns and roles while some argued that this is a revolutionary development
That opens up new possibilities for cre Innovation others worry about locations relying on machines to CER up because beings are going to be more to procrastination rather than to create dat by themselves what potential can init the ability to generate large volumes of content quickly and efficiently this could be particularly
Useful pills such as journalism or marketing where speed and quantity are often prioritized over quality however there are also concerns that this could lead to a ization which it works with all stories surrounding same and Laing the unique voice and perspective human ath additionally there are ethical concerns around ownership and
Distribution of I generated works as well as potential for biases and serps to be perpetuated Shan algorithms uh Philip dick so Philip dick was a a writer who who passed away in the 19 um if I remember correctly 1980s and who had a the ability to foresee the
Future he was one of the writers who wrote in science fiction and have the ability to see the future and that tells us something that literature is not only a means to reflect Society but even to predict in itself and this is something we can see today in movies the reality
Of the reality where human beings are controlled by artificial intelligence have been portrayed in movies such as uh 2004 movie I Robot S 2014 movie called Transcendence where artificial intelligence takes control where human being brain is uploaded into a computer which takes charge a world
Later on uh starting J J and other other like for was a science fiction right known his exploration of philosophical andal themes his Works often dealt with the nature of reality identity and Human Condition this future it inion world with technology has advanced to the point where it was difficult to
Distinguish between what was real and what was not in his novel do Android’s Dream of Electric shei he explored the concept of artificial intelligent artificial intelligence and question what it means to be he he also tackled issues such as government control totalitarianism and the impact of technology of
Society Dick’s perception of the future was one of the paranoia he saw a world where people were constantly being and manipulated by those in power he believed that technology would be used to control and repress individuals rather than liberate his work serving as a warning of the dangers of BL the
Embracing technological progress without considering its potential consequences at the personal level I believe that we live today in a fourth generation of industrialist andand throughout the history of human beings we have never been able to stop a a technological advancement and so the AI is going to take over one day and we
Have to we have to start thinking about how we can TS and how we can how we can sustain our values and our Traditions terms of religions even capacity to produce and take control this is something that we should be all should be should be worried about there
Is there is no going there is no going back said Philip dick was a Visionary writer whose works expor are more relevant today than ever before in his novels and short stories he de to the nature of reality identity and Technology of L between he is Bri unique elements
Of Science Fiction philosophy and spirituality to create provoking narrative challeng his perception of the world the mie that we all know the magx was inspired by the writings of Philip K D because phip K di was one of the people who believe ination Theory which basically says that there is a basic
There is a base reality where everything is true and the world we live in is only a copy and is a world that is controlled by by the Bas this the main them one of the IDE The Matrix in the postco reality ideas of what reality and identity have
Taken on as we navigate a world that is incredibly virtual and his Works ofer insights the nature our existence and the ways in which techology shapes our perception of the concept of alterate realities to the idea of intelligence taking our lives Di’s writing remains as relevant today as it was when
He first wrote them dick was fascinated by the ideas of Androids or synthetic humans that could human emotions and behavior about Rel and whereas he explored this them several his work as Android electric ship the three SAS ofon and we can remember for your whole sale in these stories Androids are
Either used as slaves tools or anies by humens or they rebel against their creators and seek replacement they cush the nature of humanity and what Mak machines as well as the ethnical applications for creating androy artificial moment today we are is interrup advaning AI Technologies such as deep learning natural language
Processing computer vision and Robotics these technologies have many positive implications such as improving Health Care education Entertainment Security and so on and so forth however they also post significant challenges and tasks such as unemployment privacy Invasion bias manipulation threats some experts war that AI could suppress human intelligence capabilities in the near
Future and that we need to ensure that AI is aligned with human values and interests Dick’s perception of the future was optimistic for other P he want us supp the teers of our humanity and our agency in a world by technology and corporations he also Ur
Us to push our reality our identity to seek mean purpose in our lives these works are still as they Inspire Creet AI generat energy works the rise of AI generat energy works makes fron the world digit with potential to revolutionize the way we creating stories these works like creaties
Machine learning algorithms that analyze existing works and generate new ones based of themes found in the data while some may argue that I generated works like the emotional and and creativity behavi Works others see them by see them as fresh perspective that can BR new
Voices and ideas the L to the L well in fact so far many short stories and novels have been written by I and they don’t the truth is they don’t like that kind of this is the reality that they can generate texts not as as CRA as
But but experts say that like like IBM experts say that they will they will be able to do so in the very very near in future if in terms of Education they’re going to have the ability to teach Young Learners one of the strength of II generat works is their ability to
Quickly produce large amounts of content this can be particularly useful in Industries such as journalism or marketing where there is high amount time and relevant content this also arises concern about the quantity and virality of the world as well as the potential buyers the algorithms Ed to
Generate them as with any new technology is to to carefully consider the impation EIC ortion of use conclusion embracing the intersection of exploring the intersection of is crucial for the future of creativ we have seen how the coid 19 pmic has inspired new W of postco n but we must
Also consider the potential of gener Works while there are other ethical indications to consider with mostra hybrid approach that combines the best cure especially that is produced by human beings and it is run by certain algorithms the always to control this how to set these algorithms with with
The thinking Horizons of by braing this hybrid approach we can unlock impossibilities military creativity and push the boundaries of what is possible the future is not just about human or AI algorithms but about the collaboration between the two it is nothing it just good to to keep because
As I have said earlier there is we through our history we have learn that we have never been able to stop industri Revolution Today We Live the Industrial Revolution that haven’t before we have never been able to stop until it’s not possible that we been able to stop in today so the only
Can development producing children Global World year after so thank you so much for uh thank you this was Mr abdulh Kishi from kasb University WLA Algeria who presented paper titled Um post pandemic reality in the light of AI prospects Philip K dick and other cases unfortunately he was not able to join us but luckily we have benefited from his talk via this video thank you Mr Kishi for this insightful presentation I think Dr Nel Shi is here
She’s joining us I hope she can present her paper so if you hear I’m here hello Dr Shi are you here yes I’m here yes we can hear you we can hear you Dr Shi the floor is yours thank you would you please share your slides with
Us yes I am trying to do so good good thank you is it we can see it yes we can see it Dr Shi uh so this is me Dr Shi Noel from L University my presentation today entitled black literature exploring Dimensions cultural perspectives and contemporary relevance plag literature is a JW that
Has captivated readers and Scholars throughout history offering profound insights into The Human Condition during times of Crisis by exing the diverse forms of flag lure and its representation in various cultural traditions this article aims to shed light on the rich and complex tapester of the jaw furthermore it explores the
Contemporary relevance of flag literature in the wake of recent Global pandemics providing a platform for understanding the shared experience of disease isolation and resilience types of plag ler plag liter can take various forms and jws offering unique perspectives on the theme of plugs epidemics and pandemics here are
Some common types of plug lure novels plag novels provide in-depth narratives that explore the impact of epidemics on individuals communities and societies they often delve into the psychological social and moral dilemas faced by characters in the midst of a plag examples of Gabrielle Garcia Marquez Love in the
Time of color and the year of Wonders second short stories black themed short stories offer concise yet poignant glimpses into the effects of epidemics these stories May focus on individual experiences moments of Crisis or Reflections on the broader social impact of plag Edgar alanza the mask of the Red
Death and Katherine and Porter in pale horse spale rider are notable examples poetry PL poetry explores the OT emotional and philosophical dimensions of epidemics poems can capture the fear anguish and resilience of individuals facing plague examples include Thomas nashes Lany in time of plague Percy Bushi shili the mask of Anarchy and the
Like plays and drums plug themed plays bring the the um theatrical medium to the exploration of epidemics these Works often highlight the social and political Dynamics during a plaque examining thems of power corruption and societal breakdown examples include William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet nonfiction and Memoirs plug literature in non-fiction form includes uh
Firsthand accounts historical records and Scholar works that examine the historical social and cultural aspects of epidemics essays and articles plag them essays and articles offer critical analysis commentary and personal Reflections on the impact of epidemics these Works May explore the medical sociopolitical or philosophical aspects of plag examples include Michelle de
Monani of cannibals and Susan sonag illness as metaphor categories of plag literature these different types of plag literature provide diverse perspectives approaches to exploring the theme of PLS offering readers a range of literary experiences and insights into the human experience during times of Crisis historical context provide a brief overview of the
Historical context in which plug literature emerged discuss major plag outbreaks throughout history and their impact on society and culture this can help readers understand the significance of plag L are reflecting and responding to real world World epidemics cultural perspectives explore the cultural perspectives and Regional variations in plag literature highlight how different
Cultures and societies have portrayed and interpreted PLS in their literary works this can include examining works from different time periods and regions such as European Middle Eastern African or Asian literature contemporary relevance discuss the Contemporary relevance of plag lure in light of recent Global pandemics such as the coid 19 pandemic
Explore how modern authors and artists have responded to and engaged with the theme of pandemics in their works this can demonstrate the ongoing significance and evolution of plug literature symbolism and metaphor analyze the use of symbolism and metaphor in plug literature explore how plugs are often employed as metaphors for broader
Societal issues such as political corruption so social inequality or moral Decay discuss the ways in which authors use the plague as a lens to explore anti critic various aspects of human existence comparative analysis a comparison of the portrayal of PLS in European literature such as uh bacho camon and their depiction in
African literature are seen in googi Wango wizard of the crow influence and Legacy the influence of Edgar Alano the mask of the Red Death on later plag themed literature and its impact on the gothic JW the portrayal of plags in diverse cultural Traditions such as Arabic Latin American and African literature offers
Unique perspectives on epidemics and their impact on Societies in Arabic literature plags often serve as metaphors for social and political unrest reflecting on themes of power corruption and the resilience of of communities Latin American literature explores plags as symbols of Oppression and the struggle for Liberation blending
Elements of magical realism and F Clore to depict the collective trauma of epidemics African literature addresses plags within the context of colonialism shedding light on the intersection of disease racism and social inequality while also emphasizing cultural resistance and Helen practices rooted in Tradition these cultural tradition enrich flag L by infusing it with
Diverse perspectives and experiences expanding our understanding of the universal human response to epidemics how modern authors and artists artists have responded to and engaged with the theme of pandemics modern authors and artists have responded to the theme of pandemics by delving into the shared Human Experience of disease isolation and re
Through their Works they explore the emotional and psychological impact of pandemics on individuals and communities they depict the fear loneliness and uncertainty that arise during times of Crisis while also highlighting the strength compassion and resilience that emerge idest adversity these contemporary Works provide platforms for reflection empathy and understanding
Inviting readers and viewers to connect with universal aspects of The Human Condition in the face of pandemics the ethical responsibilities of writers in depicting pandemics writers have a responsibility to portray the realities of pandemics accurately while also treating their subjects with compassion and empathy they must navigate the fine
Line between raising awareness about the challenges faced by individuals and communities and avoiding sensationalism or exploitation at the same time writers should have the freedom to explore their artistic vision and create thought provoking narratives that engage readers striking this balance allows for responsible storytelling and that both honors the
Experience of those affected by pandemics and Sparks meaningful dialogue and reflection as a conclusion PL ler holds enduring significance in in Illuminating The Human Condition during times of Crisis its richness and complexity lie in its ability to capture the profound impact of epidemics on individuals and societies through various forms of
Literature it explores themes of fear resilience societal change and the role of individuals in times of turmoil plag literature remains relevant across time transcending specific historical contexts and resonating with readers in different areas its exploration of universal experiences and emotions ensures its Timeless relevance as a drawer that sheds light
On The Human Experience during times of Crisis thank you all for your attention thank you Dr Shi from University Algeria for presenting this paper titled plague literature exploring Dimensions culture perspective and contemporary relevant relevance that was very insightful study um do we still have another presentation I think we’re done to Q&A
Session okay good yes let’s move on to Q&A session do we have any questions we have a raised hand I’m Professor B okay yes hello Professor BBY hello how are you hello I’m good I’m so happy to have you here thank you for taking part in this conference the relationship between
Lea and Nia yes there is a close relationship we’re sisters we happen to be sister yes she’s my sister thank you okay uh I have uh some comments and probably questions okay first of all I must start by the end about shi shi in fact she’s preventing a paper but not an
Article she’s supposed not to put the word article in her slides because an article has its own techniques introduction body and so on and so uh the word article must be omitted second uh let me go to you first you said the ustop okay utopian utopian distopian
It’s really a mess a mess of Concepts first of all does Utopia exist if yes what it is or what is it second uh when we say utopianism means means absolutism and which absolutism means Timeless and spaceless it means no existence of time no existence of life but I think when we
Say dystopia means life life is a kind of dystopian ISM we try to be perfect in a world which is imperfect this is the ongoing way uh in way uh notion of time it means that if we all know if everything is perfect so what does life mean
So don’t let me what life is but tell me what life is not second if you say utopianism so on which parameters so if there are many we have the American utopianism the the europeanism the Islamic utopianism so which one okay so uh and if everything
Is is a kind of Utopia so what do we have uh ethics morality uh sacred books to guide us and so on we commit mistakes we have the fall of Man and so so it means all these parameters show that dystopia is the shest way to give a
Meaning to life uh second let me go to uh you have spoken a lot mainly Dr uh C you have spoken about uh the Thematic concerns of utopianism and so on uh but uh what do how do we find this uh plague fiction how does how is it presented
Structurally within uh for example if we take the element of paralysis with with the with hingu Hest hingu so if you And if you have read The Sun Also Rises the fiesta you will see so we have a kind of paralyses even in language no adjective uh the lack of adjectives the lack of adverbs it means he has broken The Standard English there is no suggestiveness of of English English
Itself is dead how then can be can it be presented in uh plague fiction and thank you very much thank you so much uh Professor bkby for this invaluable feedback so um we would we would ask uh hello hello Madam yes I would like question this is me Dr Shi I
Would like to to talk with Professor bgi happy to see you Professor B I was I was your student at Ana University super yes okay in 2012 expression module I’m happy I’m so happy to see you today okay thank thanks a lot me too me too thanks a lot I don’t
See your face because see only show she know yes I don’t know lovely encounter no problem no problem okay do we have other questions so that we move to uh answers yes I do have a question okay yes uh Imad what’s your question IM you are
Muted oh okay uh so I do agree with my professor and U I disagree with him about uh other things so iMed you are muted again would you please unmute yourself okay I thought uh okay so um my comments are to Professor B um um thank you for your presentation
Uh since I’m very invested in utopianism uh I wonder what was your definition for the term because it’s uh permeable after all uh so basically um I disagree with our professor uh on this topic being the real life because if you go back to Lam Tower sergeant in his famous article
Three faces of utopianism he defines utopianism as um not a perfect Society because Perfection is actually uh not a characteristic of utopianism it’s not ideal it’s also um just a society that is slightly better than the one that the author is living in um and dystopia is actually a non-existent society as well
Uh so I disagree with that uh with my professor there and uh I want to note that when you mentioned a locus of Hope in your work uh I want to say that I had these discussions with Professor Rafaela bolini who is like a big name in utopian
Uh studies and she told me that we are moving and pushing towards this critical dystopian um Direction which is actually um a utopian society where we have a locus of hope this is basically a critical uh dystopian uh vision of uh contemporary literature and but I’m very sorry how
Can we have help within utopian world it is dystopia that dictates the the idea of of hope so okay Professor but uh if you go back Sergeant who is like um a big name in your ISM and you see the definitions of dystopia and Utopia and then you can see the critical
Utopia and the critical dystopia and the the utopian saire are two diff are different genes of they are definitions they are only definitions they are permeable this is what I said permeable means that they don’t have an exact meaning but um but yes you can have a
Locus of hope within um uh a dystopian novel look any any Noel dtop Noel first of all because first of all reporting something in in art is just a kind of dystopia it is a point of view what you see as right you put it in your
Work and what you see is not what I you know what I meant is by Utopia it’s uh it depends because we have a Utopia with a capital view which is an umbrella term for all of these and then we have a positive Utopia then we
Have a NE negative Utopia and we have the anti Utopia which is the thing that we talking about now and dystopia and anti Utopia are not the same thing um but yes you can have uh Utopia is by definition a society a non-existent society that is slightly better than the
Society of the authors it doesn’t mean it’s perfect or it’s ideal or anything like that but I’m just noting here that yes you can have a locus of hope within the dystopian level not the utopian one look uh the fact of trying to be the fact of seeking Perfection and it starts from
Imperfection so what you see as right is right and what is right for you could be wrong for me utopianism is where we agree about everything we construct utopianism but what are the parameters so they to the background of each Society this is what is utopian there is
Not utopian here no this is the big misconception about Utopia being idealized and perfect no one said that utopianism is the perfect Society by definition of many scholars utopianism is just a society that is slightly better than the society that you live in let’s say you don’t have internet in
Some places and you have it somewhere else this is a slightly better Society than the other but it doesn’t mean it’s perfect this is utopianism uh in a nutshell but it’s not a perfect or ideal okay you said internet having internet is it really a positive act it could be
Also very destructive the other side still dystopia goes behind it’s one coin so uh the more we progress the more we regress on the other side and so Utopia is look is BAS is first of all geographically limited culturally limited and there are okay uh uh the pursuit of happiness in in America
It is in fact the pursuit of Pleasure P of materialism not morality and so in the in the context of literature here and uh uh in literature we have science fiction which basically is a non-existent society in literary works and um utopianism as I said it’s not something perfect it’s something
Better and it’s not something ideal even if you said the scientific fiction so on it is the expectation the kind of expectation that could be real realistic as it cannot be look St Augustine of Hippo said what is the future the future is the not yet and
So how can we make of the not yet an e it cannot be and and so and even the act of writing itself is is creating a world in this world and so the world of yours is not the world of mine it is your Utopia not mine I I
Understand your point about Utopia uh but I’m just trying to give you uh just an overview about what Scholars said about the definition of utopianism and it’s okay it’s a notion that it’s not agreed on universally yes of course yes yes and and it’s just a a permeable uh
Definition uh uh in in many books uh I had this discussion with bolini and Tom moan uh and darkin these are three big names in dystopian and utopian uh studies and uh I tried to get the definition out of them and this is why I’m asking Dr umag about her own
Definition of utopianism because I’m doing my PhD myself in uh dystopian and utop literature thank you so much for this uh beautiful debate thank you Mr Imad thank you Professor bgb for this debate this is the beauty of literary criticism um that everyone sees things from a different
Lens uh and I’m happy that my presentation has generated this insightful debate so so I will try just to um add um uh or clarify something here my definition of utopianism so I agree with the Canadian writer who believes that it is it is not a place Utopia is not a
Place it’s a state of mind so according to me utopianism is a state of mind but how it is related to reality it it of course motivates people to better their reality and their lived conditions and that’s why as I have said in my presentation it has found a home in uh
Colonized countries and newly independent nations who were dreaming of a better future so which utopianism you asked the professor B so it is utopianism in postc colonial context and I believe that uh it is uh it is the postc colonial context what gives the African dystopian novel uh this way of
Hope here utopian is trying to be good in in a world of dystopia Isis of course of course this is my idea because colon colonization generates this uh this atmosphere of Despair and disappointment and utopianism is a necess thing for people to live in mysticism in in sfism if I get
Everything I lose life life it we got what you call the the um the the C so it is an other getting an other search uh I try life is ever wanting if I get what I want so what is what what what does life
Mean it is an ongoing search for Life an ongoing Improvement of Life which means Utopia we’re trying to be perfect in a world which is imperfect this is utopianism but not we can never construct utopianism we cannot we we construct materialism or physicality and we think it is utopianism think of
Europe everything is okay we have gays and so on this is Utopia do whatever you want as you want you are free this is not utopianism but is their own construction and what makes sense there does what make sense here so this is the in way the
Paradox I I never say yes I accept I I try to listen and to judge but I never say Mr X has said this no he is not right so if he has says something so what is what about me so uh you have the
Same right as he or she whatever is his his let’s say identity so uh you have a mind to use and you have facts in front of you and is for you to judge and inab I never follow what the voice of others what about my voice my voice must challenge other
And I decide whether I do agree with him or not so this is what I see as a in fact never accept things as they are critize never say yes if you must say yes but no but give your own point of view so I never something else which is what I see
Also paradoxical if I choose a theory and I apply it where am I so I become the slave of the theory that I used for application so what about me so I have a no in front of me I read it as anyone else the one has invented the theory has
Read the novel and has in way introduced this Theory and all theories are conventions and reality is all the time something else even Romanticism is trying is is trying to look for what reality is uh uh uh naturalism and so on but they fail reality is beyond our
Grasp that is why I said Perfection means all knowing and only God knows all knowing and the all KN when you say become omnicient we know everything so we lose everything because we get nothing so these are in way uh any way way of got inside what we call her
Metics or phenomenology but still the word is the world for me and so the word never has one meaning it has many meanings one signifier has many signifi language is suggestive and it suggestiveness imposes so many interpretations of one work and so where is it so what is utopianism
Probably is the prob the author will laugh at us and they mean this is this is theism so it is just a point of view we have read the novel probably we are reading ourselves through the novel and we see that this is the right way it
Is not there must be all the time something else that we fail to understand in in Creative work of art thank you very much thank you so much Professor BG B what you’re saying is really interesting uh we have benefited a lot from these ideas and you are a philosopher as
Usual yes thank you uh Mr Imad that was really interesting as well I will get back to you in the I thank him a lot he’s really Mah I thank him a lot yes he is he is yes we’re so proud of good luck inshallah thank you thank you so much uh
So do we have other questions okay um we don’t have questions so I think in this case final comments or anything yes questions or comments before we conclude yes if we don’t have any questions I think um we need to draw things to a close now do you agree
Kala Yes dear thank you so much um okay please allow mea please allow me to thank people who were behind the success of this conference well as the old saying goes all good things must come to an end this has been a wonderful conference I have enjoyed listening to
The talks it’s good for us to learn about plague literature fiction is always a tool to inspire and educate people and as the Nigerian writer Chim guichi said fiction illuminates history I would also say it can illuminate different fields and disciplines even science I have a great honor to preside
Over the final session of this very important conference I would like to thank the organizer Dr H benj for being able to gather all these insight ful Minds in this conference this conference could not have been without the keynote speakers Professor Slavic and Professor Quan who produced much research and
Pioneered so much work in pandemic writing thank you for that would like to say thank you for the participants and attendees for taking the time to Grace us with their presence and Inspire and insightful thoughts I hope we will have another opportunity to meet again I wish you all
The best and thank you again to the conference organizers and members of scientific Comm committee now I give the floor to Dr Howa thank you Howa thank you very much de Dr NAA Professor B and everyone here um thank you for your nice words um I’m sharing the screen so I
Have prepared a very short um um note closing note for you can you see it yes we can great um let me just put it as a move on The View on the full screen mode yeah so um everyone thank you very much thank you for those who uh have
Stay till now to the last um minutes of the conference and I’m very happy that um in our schedule it says that we finish at 2:30 Algeria time and it’s almost 2:30 Algeria time thank you very much for respecting the time um everyone so so I am ladies and gentlemen esteemed
Participants and distinguished professors and colleagues it is with immense um with immense and pleasure and a deep sense of Pride that I stand again before you today at the conclusion of the online International Conference on Plague literature pandemic writing and coid 19 fear as the president of the
Organizing committee as we come together from various corners of the world I am filled with gratitude for your presence and unwavering commitment to advancing our understanding of the profound impact of plays and pandemics on literature and Human Experience our healf gratitude goes to all of you our keynote speakers
Professor Scott uh Slavic and Professor David Quan members of the scientific committee and the organizing committee presenters technicians and I have a screenshot of um during your engaging um Q&A last Q&A session for you the Democratic Center in Berlin for graciously hosting this conference namely Dr YF and from the University of
Ben benal Dr YF Zar and Professor head of the democratic Arabic Center and the conference director Dr Kim as we conclude this International Journey intellectual journey and international one I implore each and every one of you to embrace the Curiosity that has brought us together let the discussions and insights gained here serve as catalysts for future
Research collaborations and ultimately positive change um the division sorry and thank you all for your participation and unwavering commitment I wish you all continued success and fulfillment in your scholarly Pursuits thank you and may the impact of this conference be far reaching and enduring thank you very much everyone that’s it goodbye thank
You bye bye everyone do you want us to take a last if you want to put your cameras on we can take a last ke uh screenshot everyone and I can see I can read in the chat box lots of thank yous thank you everyone thank you for your presence
Professor B thank you Dr everyone everyone thank you let’s take a a a groupy um and I’ll send it to you in the email I have a I’m sending you a feedback a questionnaire please please take the time to to fill it in for us to enhance ourselves thank you Professor stepen
Tamari for being here what time is it over there in the State uh it’s about 8:30 8:30 thank you for for being so early for us so I’m taking a screenshot thank you Professor FAS from France everyone here one two three go another one in case you don’t like this
One thank you thank you from T Tunisia yra everyone from all over the world Pakistan the state India yeah thank you and Algeria of course bye bye bye bye bye goodbye by thank you Dr C wish you the best bye-bye