Libye, les centres de la Honte NON CENSURÉ

À Tripoli, des dizaines de migrants racontent kidnappings, rançons, travaux forcés et détentions arbitraires. Voici la guerre des milices (Tajoura, Zintan…), le bombardement du centre de Tajoura (crime de guerre selon l’ONU), les routes maritimes mortelles, et le rôle ambigu des autorités libyennes comme des partenaires internationaux (UE, HCR, garde-côtes).

Enquête exclusive sur le GDF (centre financé par l’Europe), rapidement noyauté et fermé, sur la corruption systémique et sur l’impasse des politiques de « containment » : quotas dérisoires, renvois en chaîne, absence de voies légales.
Entre témoignages de survivants, parole de miliciens et humanitaires, se dessine une question centrale : qui protège qui ?

Everyone stay seated. Stay seated. My name is Nabil Tara Abdallah El Sarro. I am 28 years old. I have been working for five years in this accommodation center for illegal migrants in Tripoli. I treat them like Libyans. We treat them as we would any Libyan. We refuse them nothing. Food, cigarettes. We do everything to help them and meet their requests. Please, we need freedom. We need freedom. This is what we need most. Look at our friends here, look at our faces. You see there is no joy in that. There is no joy. The International Organization for Immigration asked us if we wanted to return to our country. I’m just saying I don’t want to go back to my country. I am suffering a lot. I don’t want to go back there. The King of Libya said the United States should fight for Libya’s security. The institution from Libya It is being remade in a positive way, not only on Libya, but on all the countries of Europe. The European Union is united on the Libyan issue. We cannot turn a blind eye to the security consequences that the Libyan crisis may have in Europe, in matters of terrorism, in matters of migration. And in the same way, Libya’s stability is one of the keys to security in the Sahel, from North Africa and the Mediterranean. And we appreciate the commitment of the Libyan authorities in the fight against human traffickers and in the presidium of maritime borders. At the same time, We expect that maximum effort will be made to ensure respect for fundamental human rights. After the fall of the Gaddafi regime, Libya is torn apart by internal conflicts and tribal divisions. Hundreds of militias are fighting to control strategic resources, oil wells, human trafficking and migrant detention centers. Coming from all over Africa to look for work, migrants end up in Libya, abandoned by all. Caught in a spiral of abuse and violations, Their lives oscillate between detention centers and shantytowns. Their only way out? Go to Europe. A Europe ready to do anything to block their path. I I arrived in Libya via Egypt and was arrested by a militia. They asked me to pay if I wanted to be released. I told them I had nothing on me. They kept me for 15 days. After 15 days, I ran away from there. I continued my journey. I wanted to reach Tripoli to cross the sea to Europe. On my way, between eastern Libya and Tripoli, I was kidnapped again. It was the trafficker who was transporting us to Tripoli who sold us to a militia. It was in Chouerif, near Beny Walid. That’s where I was held for four months. They asked me to pay $6,000. I explained my situation to them, that my parents had no money, that they were living in a camp in South Sudan because of the war. They then took me to a farm where I worked for them, to pay what I owed them. I managed to escape. In January 2018, I tried to cross the sea. I was arrested and taken to the Tajoura detention center. You borrowed each other. You borrowed each other. You borrowed each other. They took gas and they took wheels. They took gas and they took wheels. We can’t do stupid things to each other. We can’t do stupid things to each other. THANKS. Thank you. Thank you. Look at us. It is clear that we have no more hope. Life is difficult, but if we are a group, we can survive. A person, two people cannot. Without work, they can’t. They can’t even pay rent. But when you are a group, we try to help each other. I have spent 4 or 5 months in Tajoura and I fled. Tajoura, It was hell. We lived in a room with over 600 people. There were 36 African nationalities. We didn’t have enough food, not enough water, and we had to work for the military. Clean the shed, clean their car, their vehicle or whatever they asked for. If you refused, you were in danger. To be safe, it was necessary to accept. You had no choice. Unless you didn’t want to stay alive. The Dahaman militias who control the Tajoura area use the center as a military base. Migrants are being held there alongside weapons stocks. A practice that no one dares to talk about in the country. Some militias took advantage of this security situation for their own benefit. They are not for the security and stability of the country, quite the contrary. They committed thefts, kidnappings, arbitrary arrests. It wasn’t the migrants they were interested in, but the camp itself. If she took control of it, it was to impose himself on the Ministry of Defense, to be recognized as a brigade and obtain money from the Ministry of Defense or the Ministry of the Interior. Within the unit for the fight against illegal immigration, Some militiamen took advantage of the support of international organizations to finance their war, to always have more weapons and ammunition. Some stored their weapons in the centers, which has had consequences for migrants and refugees. We work for these activists without money, without anything. They make us Slavs, We clean these tanks. Everything is for them. It was wartime at the time. When war broke out in Tripoli, it must have been in April 2019. They took us from military camps to combat zones to work. I remember when we had to put corpses in a vehicle to take them I don’t know where. There was also the blood to clean up in the ambulance and a lot of other things. In April 2019, Dahman and several other militias are fighting to defend the UN-recognized national unity government. Facing them, Marshal Haftar and his self-proclaimed Libyan National Army. Haftar, which already controls the east of the country, advances with his men on the Libyan capital. THE detention centers find themselves on the front line. Like that of Tajoura, they become strategic targets. Sometimes European delegations came. They came for the weather. They came four times and each time they stayed 30 minutes. If a migrant wanted to talk to them, the police prevented him from doing so. If you could talk to them, as soon as the delegation left, You were put in solitary confinement and beaten, saying, “Why are you appearing to these people?” We were very scared. We asked them to evacuate us. Nobody cared about us. They said, It’s none of your business. You are safe here. The hangar was completely destroyed, sprayed. There were blocks and broken windows everywhere. Wounded people were trying to escape. Some ran for a meter or two before collapsing. There were a lot of people, Of course. I can’t say how many there were. We could hear crying everywhere. If we tried to pick them up, We were surprised because they were corpses. It was a terrible day. See all migrants, their limbs severed. Some had their heads torn off. That day, The hospitals were full of migrants. 130 of them were killed. There were 130 bodies and so many wounded. The migrants guarded by Minister Aman were treated well. All NGOs have been able to see this. They didn’t need anything. We were trying to save people, but the smoke caused by the missile impact was very dense. This day was, how to say, It was very hard. There were so many bodies that we didn’t know what to do. Why did they attack this place? Nobody knows. There have been investigations, but the answer is still not clear. It is the United Nations that should be held accountable. It was a military camp. They should have evacuated the migrants elsewhere. Our brothers are dead! The sky is alive! Peace is in the bodies! Our brothers died here! We can die here! We are not animals! We need freedom! We need freedom! We need freedom! You’re watching! You do nothing I was there the next day, there was blood everywhere. To all those people who were in shock, They were told that the UN was going to get them out of there. But it wasn’t a place we managed, we the UNHCR. We had to negotiate permission every time. to access this center to fulfill our humanitarian mission. We also had to explain what our limits were and try to negotiate with the authorities to free them. It was an airstrike, an air military strike. The United Nations Commission of Inquiry in Libya has concluded that the bombing of Tajoura should be considered a war crime. Because unarmed civilians were detained unfairly. The Human Rights Committee regularly calls for the closure of these centers. A week, almost eight days later, The UNHCR came saying, We will evacuate you. Some of you will have an interview. These people need to go out because they are the most vulnerable. But not all of you. The countries had given us reception quotas, but not enough for everyone, maybe for 10 or 15% of them. And it was necessary to tell these 600 people who were mostly young men. They had to be told, you are extremely vulnerable, you are all in a dangerous place. But as for your evacuation abroad, UNHCR is not able to take everyone. We were separated from the center. The band members’ part had no response. We didn’t get a reply. We were separated from the center. We had heard about the GDF and decided to go it alone. We walked all those kilometers to get to the GDF. When we arrived, They refused to let us in. Afterwards, They let us in. Created in November 2018 to facilitate the evacuation of refugees to other countries, The GDF is managed by the High Commission for Refugees and the Libyan Ministry of the Interior. This centre was financed mainly by Europe at a cost of 6 million euros. At the GDF, we were free to talk among ourselves, free to play football. We felt safe there because the army was there. In other detention centers, There were tortures every day. And if they didn’t torture you by beating you, They did it out of hunger or thirst. From a legal and administrative point of view, The creation of the GDF on Libyan territory was illegal. Libyan law did not allow it, because we had not signed the Geneva Convention in 1951 on the rights of refugees. Moreover, the land on which the GDF was built did not belong to the Ministry of the Interior, but to a private company which was to recover it by court order. Our department did not intervene in the management of the GDF. But the sources of information we have confirm arrangements and corruption in financing contracts, estimated at $250,000. The GDF quickly found itself infiltrated by militias who were collecting part of the money that Europe was paying to the United Nations. Paralyzed by corruption and waste, The center was closed in March 2020. It too had become a military camp where the militia that controlled it trained. So this experience was a real fiasco. The UNHCR abandoned this center because it was unable to manage it. The GDF was overcrowded with the arrival of migrants and state migrants. evacuated from the centers of Abu Salim and Tajoura after the bombing. The HR wanted to get rid of the migrants by giving them money to leave the GDF. He threw in the towel and the story ended. A sad story in which migrants are the victims. For migrants, We believe it is better to be outside of detention centers. It’s better for them to be in an urban environment, where we can act, we, the UNHCR and our partners, by providing them with the necessary humanitarian assistance. This also allows us to consider sustainable solutions for the most vulnerable outside Libya. The UNHCR never heard us. He never took care of us. We were put in the middle of the city and then abandoned. The biggest problem for refugees in Libya, It’s security. The UNHCR promises to evacuate us. But for that, safe places must be available. When we go to the UNHCR office to ask for help, You are told that you are old enough to work and take care of yourself. When you try to talk to them about your situation, they answer. For all your needs, contact us by phone. They give a number, but when we compose it, It sounds empty. They do everything to keep you away from them. When I arrived at UNHCR, I suffered from skin problems. I needed to see a doctor. There were lots of people. When my turn came to see the doctor, he was no longer there. He had left for an emergency. One of the employees yelled at me. ” Cleared, slave ! ” He called me a slave. It hurt me deeply. It has been 4 years since I was registered with the UNHCR. To date, they didn’t give me anything, not even a toothbrush. No moral support from any employee. I don’t want money. Solidarity is important, a few words of comfort. I asked the UNHCR for a roof over my head. I live in this slum in Tripoli, which is a dangerous place, where there are epidemics. I can’t afford housing. It is very difficult to rent in Libya. I didn’t come here to settle down. I am persecuted in my country and I need international protection. I came to Libya to go to Europe, where there is freedom, equality and peace. It’s a moulaye. It’s a moulaye. It’s a moulaye. It’s a moulaye. It’s a moulaye. It’s a moulaye. It’s a moulaye. It’s a moulaye. It’s a moulaye. It’s a moulaye. It’s a moulaye. It’s a moulaye. It’s a moulaye. It’s a moulaye. It’s a moulaye. It’s a moulaye. I came to France, but I didn’t have time to come. I came to Tripoli. Yes. Tripoli. I came to Charte-Saint-Denis. Did you receive a message? No. Did you receive a message? For what ? I am a man from the city of Ayari. A man from the town of Ayari? Yes, a man from the town of Amachar. He has a little dog that is dying. He has a little dog that is dying. He has a little dog that is dying. He has a little dog that is dying. So, I just… I am very happy to be able to work with YOU. I am Here we have photos of new patients who have arrived at our tuberculosis unit and who are all coming out of criminal torture sheds. Most are at least 18 years old, with signs of burning, of violence. So now we know they’ll be safe for a few weeks, a few months, while they are being treated. by M500 Borders, but after, It’s always the same question, What’s going to happen to them? And it never stops. There always are. She leaves our clinic and a new group arrives. It doesn’t stop. These are people who were transported from their country to Libya. Once they arrive in Libya, they are told, “Now, You didn’t pay anything to come from Somalia to Libya. NOW, It’s time to pay. They are asked for astronomical sums. We are talking about 10,000, 15,000, $20,000 to be released. And so for families to pay, they are tortured, abused, deprived of food, humiliated. These criminals, they take videos, then they send them to their families. So there, we see in this photo, we can still see the marks. the trace of the pipes that are used to hit the… to hit them. That, he is a young man who has 16 years old. You never get used to these photos. What is terrible, it’s that they… They are… It’s always the same. This proves one thing, it is the systematic nature. of what is happening in these places. They are really trapped. They are trapped in Libya. We were transferred to Zintan in September 2018. We all came from different centers. There were more of us 900. Then some were moved elsewhere in Tripoli. We were only 325 people. There were Eritreans, Sudanese and Somalis. Located in a mountainous region 200 km from Tripoli, Zintan is known for its catastrophic sanitary conditions. Despite the deaths and epidemics, The center rarely receives humanitarian assistance. Once, in Zintan, We were locked up in the center for two weeks with very little water and food. It was horrible. Many asylum seekers have died. In one of the hangars, 25 of us died of tuberculosis. Following a fire, One friend was burned and another suffocated. There were 27 deaths. We asked the UNHCR and other humanitarian organizations to see our suffering. They promised to take care of our cases as a priority. But in the end… Nothing happened. Efforts have been made so that people can live in peace. Efforts have been made so that people can live in peace. Efforts have been made so that people can live in peace. Efforts have been made so that people can live in peace. Efforts have been made so that people can live in peace. Efforts have been made so that people can live in peace. Efforts have been made so that people can live in peace. Efforts have been made so that people can live in peace. Efforts have been made so that people can live in peace. Efforts have been made so that people can live in peace. Efforts have been made so that people can live in peace. I am very happy to be able to work with you. Thank you so much. Some have decided to take the dangerous route of the sea. Others, who had already returned, wanted to leave. We asked our families in the diaspora to send us money to pay for a car and reach the coast. The drivers hid us in the trunk where we risked dying of suffocation. The first time I went to Garabouli, I paid 500 euros. I went somewhere in a forest. We stayed there for 20 days. And then one evening, We boarded a Zodiac. There were 140 of us. We spent a day at sea, and the second day, our ship sank. There was no help, no boat, no one to help us. We were surprised when the Libyan coast guard picked us up and took us back to Zawiya. It was a Friday morning, in August 2017. Where are you? Gass? That go, How’s it going. We fell. My name is Moustapha Mizrati, I am from Mizrata, I am 33 years old. I joined the Al-Shahid militia in 2011. Before, I had a simple life, like everyone else, like all the young people who participated in the Revolution. It was necessary to take up arms, we had no choice. No one wants to kill their brothers. We were forced, It was war. We’ve almost reached the big crossroads. Alkani’s militiamen still used this road. It was described The criminal Pro Haftar, He was shooting at everyone from that roundabout. This place carries many memories of the war. It was one of the most dangerous places on the coast. At the end of the war, the al-Shahid militia, supported by the National Union government, drove out pro-Haftar militias. She took control of this strategic area. Today… These fighters were integrated into the state apparatus to ensure the country’s security. We We are a support unit for the state security apparatus. We all know the places where migrants can be found in Garabouli and Tajoura. All places. Most of the residents who live near the starting points, They collaborate with the smugglers. They are paid to warn them when the police or army organize a raid. And when we disembark, They have already left. Do you remember the time when the Sarcouzi said he saw a plane? There was a plane that was sorting itself out. It’s a plane from France. It’s a plane from France. And then Naito started to get going. Wars are fought on earth. Activists have an important role. But the Nido has an important role. The world is a country of politics and business. Business? Yes, but where is the point? War is a testament to Russia. She is one of the main forces of the Nido. We are friends. It’s war with America, Italy, France. You have hopes, you don’t need help. You need help for the country. It’s a kind of strength. Everyone takes their biggest part of the country, he takes electricity, and it’s over. He will not die. It’s not… There is nothing good. We don’t want merit or degradation. We want a reaction on the earth of evolution. And the Edition did that. The land of evolution is not a land of the earth. Despite how they put their policy, good or bad, They helped the good over the bad. Turkey provided significant military support to allied forces to repel Marshal Haftar’s offensive. Today, it is Tripoli’s main partner in this phase of reconstruction. If Turkish interests in Libyan oil and gas there is no doubt, Erdogan is also becoming a key interlocutor for the control of Europe’s southern borders. So we’re going to see people who have health problems. Since June 2018, The European Union has asked Libya to expand the scope of its intervention zone. In exchange for a promise of 90 million euros, The Libyan coastguard must now cover an area ten times larger, which goes up to 200 kilometers from their coast. That’s a bit too strong. There are about 200 meters. 230 meters. 240 meters. We don’t have the capacity to do the load. It’s too strong. There are people in the waters. They come here to do the charging. They come here to do the charging. They come here to do the charging. They come here to do the charging. We can’t leave them. We can’t leave them. We can leave them. THANKS. Migrants were disembarked at the port before leaving for a second operation. We don’t have enough boats. There are not enough of us to meet the needs. The European Union does not help us enough. Their help, these are empty words, nothing concrete. With the 2007-2008 agreement, The Italian government provided us with six boats. But these boats are not suitable for search and rescue operations. International cooperation is necessary. Libya has been in crisis since the revolution. NATO destroyed the Libyan naval fleet. The country can manage the Libyan search and rescue zone, But Europe and international organizations must work honestly to help us rebuild the Libyan naval forces and train the coast guard. The Coast Guard continues to ask for resources. And Europe responds by giving them ever more material support. Concerned about these borders, It turns a blind eye to the numerous cases of corruption and harassment documented by the United Nations that taint the coast guard. Some have killed migrants. Their crimes have gone unpunished. The European Union, She is trying to ensure that these people do not leave Libya, or at least do not come to Europe. So that’s what the European Union contributes to, by not allowing these people legal avenues, options and perspectives. Without offering these people any prospects, we continue to keep them, to keep them in this situation of violence in fact. Good evening, How are you ? GOOD, And you ? GOOD, And you ? Yes, but why catch us if we are in prison? If we are in prison, we have to stop. We can’t look away. We can’t just say it’s not serious, that it’s happening on the other side of the Mediterranean. We need to know what is happening and how a migration system and policies have led to such a cycle of violence, operating. This is the grinding machine, Libya. I feel exhausted. I am frustrated because I have done everything possible to take control of my destiny. But I failed. Reality killed my dreams. I’m about to give up on everything. I wondered what would happen if I returned to my country. My plan? A day, if I find a good job to earn some money, I will cross the sea again. This will be the third, maybe the fourth time. I will leave. This is my only plan. This country cannot shelter me. My only hope, It’s rap.